- Linear Pottery culture (5500 - 4500 BC)
- Michelsberg culture (4400 - 3500 BC)
- Seine-Oise-Marne culture (3100 - 2000 BC)
- Urnfield culture (1300 - 750 BC)
- Hallstatt culture (1200 - 500 BC)
- Le Tene culture (450 - 1st century BC)
- Roman Gallica Belgica (22 BC - 5th century AD)
- Merovingian dynasty (5th century - 751 AD)
- Carolingian Empire (800 - 888 AD)
- Holy Roman Empire (800 - 1806 AD)
- Hundred Years War (1337-1453)
- Burgundian Netherlands (1384-1482)
- Habsburg Netherlands (1482-1794)
- Dutch Revolt (1566-1648)
- Eighty Years War (1568-1648)
- Franco-Dutch War (1672-1678)
- Austrian Netherlands (1714-1797)
- Brabant Revolution (1789-1790)
- France occupies Southern Netherlands (1794-1815)
- Battle of Waterloo (1815)
- United Kingdom of the Netherlands (1815-1829)
- Belgian Revolution (1830-1831)
- Belgian general strike (1893)
- Belgian colonial empire (1908-1962)
- World War I (1914-1918)
- Germany occupies Belgium (1914-1918)
- World War II (1939-1945)
- Germany occupies Belgium (1940-1944)
- Joins the European Coal and Steel Community (1951)
- Congo Crisis (1960-1965)
(This post includes any nation or civilization that occupied at least a portion of Belgium at some point. Unless specified otherwise, the dates correspond to when a nation or civilization existed, but do not necessarily correspond to occupation of Belgium.)
