- Slab Grave culture (1300 - 300 BC)
- Xiongnu confederation (3rd century BC - 1st century AD)
- Xianbei confederation (~93 - 234 AD)
- Rouran Khaganate (330 - 555 AD)
- First Turkic Khaganate (552 - 602 AD)
- Liao dynasty (916 - 1125 AD)
- Second Turkic Khaganate (682 - 744 AD)
- Uyghur Khaganate (744 - 840 AD)
- Mongol Empire (1206-1368)
- Yuan dynasty (1271-1368)
- Northern Yuan dynasty (1368-1635)
- Oirat confederation (1399-1634)
- Qing dynasty (1636-1912, 1917)
- Dzungar-Qing Wars (1687-1757)
- Dzungar genocide (1755-1758)
- Bogd Khanate of Mongolia (1911-1919, 1921-1924)
- Xinhai Revolution (1911)
- Mongolia declares independence (1911)
- Mongolian Revolution (1921)
- Mongolian People's Republic (1924-1992)
- Khuvsgul uprising (1932)
- Battles of Khalkhin Gol (1939)
- Mongolian Revolution (1990)
- Constitution of Mongolia (1992)
(This post includes any nation or civilization that occupied at least a portion of Mongolia at some point. Unless specified otherwise, the dates correspond to when a nation or civilization existed, but do not necessarily correspond to occupation of Mongolia.)
