- Monagrillo culture (2500 - 1200 BC)
- Rodrigo de Bastidas and Spain arrive (1501)
- Vasco Nunez de Balboa reaches the Pacific Ocean (1513)
- Spanish Real Audiencia of Panama (1538-1751)
- New Granada gains independence from Spain (1819)
- Gran Colombia (1819-1831)
- Repbulic of New Granada (1831-1858)
- Granadine Confederation (1858-1863)
- United States of Colombia (1863-1886)
- Ferdinand de Lesseps begins working on the Panama Canal (1882)
- Thousand Days War (1899-1902)
- Panama gains independence from Colombia (1903)
- Panama Canal is built by the United States (1904-1914)
- Torrijos-Carter Treaties (1977)
- United States invades Panama (1889-1990)
(This post includes any nation or civilization that occupied at least a portion of Panama at some point. Unless specified otherwise, the dates correspond to when a nation or civilization existed, but do not necessarily correspond to occupation of Panama.)
