List of Mongol Empire khanates

This post is a list of Mongol Empire (1206-1368) khanates. There are 4 khanates listed below alphabetically.

• Chagatai Khanate (1227-1347)
• Golden Horde (c. 1225-1502)
• Ilkhanate (1256-1335)
• Yuan dynasty (1271-1368)

Sources

Wikipedia: Chagatai Khanate, Golden Horde, Ilkhanate, Yuan dynasty

List of Crusader states

This post is a list of Crusader states (1098-1291). There are 4 states listed below alphabetically. Source: Wikipedia

• Principality of Antioch
• County of Edessa
• Kingdom of Jerusalem
• County of Tripoli

Collection of Islamic Golden Age intellectuals

This post is a collection of Islamic Golden Age (8th - 14th centuries) intellectuals. There are 46 intellectuals listed below alphabetically. Source: Wikipedia

• Abd al-Rahman al-Sufi: astronomy, ecliptic plane
• Abu al-Hasan al-Ash'ari: theology, Ash'ari school
• * Abu Bakr al-Razi: medicine, philosophy
• Abu Mansur al-Maturidi: theology, Maturidi school
• * Ahmad ibn Hanbal: jurisprudence, memorization of Hadiths
• * Al-Biruni: physics, mathematics, astronomy, history
• * al-Farabi (Alpharabius): music theory, neoplatonism
• Al-Farghani: astronomy, engineering
• * Al-Ghazali: jurisprudence, theology
• Al-Jahiz: theology, literature, zoology
• * Al-Khwarizmi: mathematics, algebra, arithmetic, astronomy
• * al-Kindi: philosophy, theology, mathematics, statistics
• * al-Zahrawi (Albucasis): medicine, surgery
• Al-Zarnuji: pedagogy 
• * Amir Khusrau: music theory, poetry
• * Averroes (Ibn Rushd): philosophy, Aristotelianism, medicine, theology
• * Avicenna (Ibn Sina): philosophy, medicine, astronomy
• Banū Mūsā brothers: engineering, astronomy, mathematics
• Eutychius of Alexandria: theology
• * Ferdowsi: poetry
• * Hafez: literature
• Hunayn ibn Ishaq (Hunain): Greek and Persian translation
• * Ibn al-Haytham (Alhazen): optics, physics, mathematics
• Ibn al-Nafis: medicine, circulation
• Ibn al-Quff: medicine, surgery
• Ibn al-Shatir: astronomy, mathematics
• * Ibn Khaldun: history, social science
• Ibn Na-ima al-Himsi: Greek translation
• Ibn Mu'adh al-Jayyani: mathematics, spherical trigonometry
• Ibn Tufayl: philosophy, medicine
• Ibn Zuhr: medicine, surgery
• Ismail al-Jazari: engineering
• * Jabir ibn Hayyan: alchemy, philosophy, cosmology
• Jabril ibn Bukhtishu: medicine
• Jamshid al-Kashi: astronomy, mathematics
• Masawaiyh: medicine
• Muhammad al-Idrisi: geography
• * Nasir al-Din al-Tusi: astronomy, planetary motion, mathematics
• Nastulus: astronomy, astrolabes
• * Omar Khayyam: mathematics, conic sections, literature
• Qusta ibn Luqa: medicine, mathematics, astronomy
• * Saadi Shirazi: poetry
• Safi al-Din al-Urmawi: music theory
• Sharaf al-Din al-Tusi: mathematician, astronomy
• Yusaf al-Khuri: medicine, translation
• Ziryab: music theory

* level 4 vital article on Wikipedia (19 total)

Collection of Pre-Columbian American civilizations and cultures (level 5 vital articles on Wikipedia)

This post is a collection of Pre-Columbian American civilizations and cultures (level 5 vital articles on Wikipedia). There are 22 civilizations and cultures listed below chronologically. Source: Wikipedia

• Clovis (New Mexico): 11,100 - 10,800 BC
• Las Vegas (Ecuador): 8000 - 4600 BC
• Chinchorro (Chile, Peru): 7000 - 1500 BC
• Caral-Supe (Peru): 3500 - 1800 BC
• Maya (Mexico, Guatemala, Belize): 2000 BC - 1697 AD
• Mixtec (Mexico, Puebla, Oaxaca, Guerrero): 1500 BC - 1523 AD
• Olmecs (Mexico, Veracruz): 1200 - 400 BC
• Chavín (Peru): 900 - 250 BC
• Zapotec (Oaxaca Valley): 700 BC - 1521 AD
• Moche (Peru): 100 - 800
• Mogollon (New Mexico, Arizona, Texas, Mexico): 200 - 1450
• Wari (Peru): 500 - 1000
• Tiwanaku (Bolivia, Peru, Chile, Argentina): 600 - 1000
• Marajoara (Brazil, Marajó): 800 - 1400
• Muisca (Colombia): 800 - 1540
• Mississippian (United States): 800 - 1600
• Chimor (Peru): 900 - 1470
• Toltec (Mexico, Tula, Hidalgo): 950 - 1168
• Taíno (Caribbean): 1200 - 1500
• Purépecha (Mexico, Michoacán): 1300 - 1530
• Aztec (Valley of Mexico): 1300 - 1521
• Inca (Peru, Ecuador, Bolivia, Argentina, Chile): 1438 - 1572

Top 10 longest rivers in the United States

This post is the top 10 longest rivers in the United States. Source: Wikipedia

1. Missouri River (2,341 miles)
2. Mississippi River (2,340 miles)
3. Yukon River (1,979 miles)
4. Rio Grande (1,759 miles)
5. Colorado River (1,450 miles)
6. Arkansas River (1,443 miles)
7. Columbia River (1,243 miles)
8. Red River (1,125 miles)
9. Snake River (1,040 miles)
10. Ohio River (979 miles)

Collection of facts about the Vijayanagara Empire

This post is a collection of facts about the Vijayanagara Empire (1336-1646). There are 11 facts listed below. Source: Wikipedia

• Based in southern India
• Original capital: Vijayanagara (Hampi)
• Founded by Harihara I and Bukka Raya I (Sangama dynasty)
• Krishna Deva Raya ruled 1509-1529
• Annexed southern part of Gajaptai Empire
• Expanded north to conquer Raichur in 1520
• Defeated by Deccan sultanates at Battle of Talikota in 1565
• Tirumala Deva Raya moved capital to Penukonda
• Empire divided between Tirumala Deva Raya's three sons
• Fought Bijapur sultanate and others leading to collapse
• Succeeded by Sultanate of Golconda and Kingdom of Mysore

Collection of facts about the Delhi Sultanate

This post is a collection of facts about the Delhi Sultanate (1206-1526). There are 15 facts listed below. Source: Wikipedia

• Occupied India, Pakistan, Bangladesh
• Preceded by Ghurid dynasty and Muhammad Ghori's expansion
• Contributed to the spread of Islam in India
• Mamluk dynasty (1206-1290)
• Qutb ud-Din Aibak was the first ruler
• Muiz ud-Din Qaiqabad assassinated ending the Mamluk dynasty
• Khalji dynasty (1290-1320)
• Successfully defended itself against Mongol Empire
• Tughlaq dynasty (1230-1413)
• Timur sacked Delhi in 1398 killing 100,000 to 200,000 people
• Sayyid dynasty (1414-1450)
• Rulers of the Sayyid dynasty claimed to be descendants of Muhammad
• Lodi dynasty (1451-1526)
• Defeated by Timurid Empire at Battle of Panipat in 1526
• Succeeded by Mughal Empire and Vijayanagara Empire