Saturday, July 19, 2025

Collection of facts about Austria-Hungary

This post is a collection of facts about Austria-Hungary (1867-1918). There are 8 facts listed below. Source: Wikipedia

  • Austro-Prussian War dissolves German Confederation (1866)
  • Austrian Empire and Kingdom of Hungary unite (1867)
  • Kingdom of Croatia-Slavonia joins (1868)
  • Bosnia and Herzegovina joins (1878)
  • Bosnian crisis (1908)
  • World War I (1914-1918)
  • Hungarian Parliament votes to terminate union with Austria (1918)
  • Succeeded by Austrian Republic, Kingdom of Hungary, Czechoslovak Republic, Polish Republic and Kingdom of Yugoslavia

Friday, July 18, 2025

Collection of facts about the Austrian Empire

This post is a collection of facts about the Austrian Empire (1804-1867). There are 8 facts listed below.

  • Established by House of Habsburg (1804)
  • Napoleonic Wars (1803-1815)
  • Holy Roman Empire dissolved (1806)
  • Congress of Vienna (1815)
  • Revolutions of 1848 (1848-1849)
  • Second Italian War of Independence (1859)
  • Austro-Prussian War (1866)
  • Established Austria-Hungary with Kingdom of Hungary (1867)

Sources

Collection of facts about the Papal States

This post is a collection of facts about the Papal States (756 - 1870 AD). There are 11 facts listed below.

  • Capital: Rome
  • Pepin the Short donates territory to Pope Stephen II (756 AD)
  • Treaty of Venice (1177)
  • Avignon Papacy (1309-1376)
  • Protestant Reformation (16th century)
  • First Roman Republic occupation (1798-1799)
  • Unification of Italy (1848-1871)
  • Second Roman Republic occupation (1849-1850)
  • Capture of Rome (1870)
  • Annexed by Kingdom of Italy (1870)
  • Vatican City established (1929)

Sources

Collection of facts about the Republic of Venice

This post is a collection of facts about the Republic of Venice (697 - 1797 AD). There are 13 facts listed below.

  • Occupied northeastern Italy, Istria, Dalmatia, Crete, Cyprus, Peloponnese, Montenegro, Albania
  • Established as a province of the Byzantine Empire (697 AD)
  • Croatian-Venetian wars (7th century - 15th century)
  • Declares independence in Pactum Lotharii (840 AD)
  • Venetian Crusade (1122-1124)
  • Sack of Constantinople (1204)
  • Venetian-Genoese wars (1256-1381)
  • Ottoman-Venetian wars (1396-1718)
  • Wars in Lombardy (1423-1454)
  • War of the League of Cambrai (1508-1516)
  • Morean War (1684-1699)
  • Lost Morea in Treaty of Passarowitz (1718)
  • Partitioned to France and Austria (1797)

Sources

Collection of facts about the Republic of Genoa

This post is a collection of facts about the Republic of Genoa (1099-1815). There are 13 facts listed below.

  • Based in northwestern Italy
  • Colonies included Corsica, Monaco, Crimea, Lesbos, Chios, Tripoli, Sardinia, Antioch, Egypt, Acre
  • First Crusade (1096-1099)
  • Siege of Antioch (1098)
  • Siege of Jerusalem (1099)
  • Venetian-Genoese wars (1256-1381)
  • Treaty of Nymphaeum with Empire of Nicaea (1261)
  • Fought Republic of Pisa at Battle of Meloria (1284)
  • Bank of Saint George established (1407)
  • War of the Reunions (1683-1684)
  • Conquered by Napoleon and replaced by Ligurian Republic (1797)
  • Regained sovereignty (1814)
  • Annexed by Kingdom of Sardinia (1815)

Sources

Thursday, July 17, 2025

Basic timeline of England names

This post is a basic timeline of England names. There are 4 names listed below chronologically.

  • Kingdom of England (10th century - 1707)
  • Kingdom of Great Britain (1707-1800)
  • United Kingdom of Great Britain and Ireland (1801-1922)
  • United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland (1922 - now)

Sources

Collection of facts about Prussia

This post is a collection of facts about Prussia (1525-1947). There are 36 facts listed below.

  • Based in North European Plain
  • Capitals: Königsberg (1525-1701) and Berlin (1701-1947)
  • Old Prussians conquered by Teutonic Knights (12th century)
  • Prussian Confederation formed (1440)
  • Thirteen Years' War (1454-1466)
  • Second Peace of Thorn (1466)
  • Royal Prussia province of Kingdom of Poland (1466-1569)
  • Duchy of Prussia (1525-1701)
  • Brandenburg-Prussia union (1618-1701)
  • Thirty Years' War (1618-1648)
  • Second Northern War (1654-1660)
  • Franco-Dutch War (1671-1678)
  • Great Northern War (1700-1721)
  • Kingdom of Prussia (1701-1918)
  • Frederick the Great (r. 1740-1786)
  • War of the Austrian Succession (1740-1748)
  • Silesian Wars (1740-1763)
  • Seven Years' War (1756-1763)
  • Partitions of Poland (1772-1795)
  • War of the Bavarian Succession (1778-1779)
  • French Revolutionary Wars (1792-1802)
  • Napoleonic Wars (1803-1815)
  • German Confederation (1815-1866)
  • German Revolutions of 1848-1849
  • First War of Schleswig (1848-1851)
  • Second War of Schleswig (1864)
  • Austro-Prussian War (1866)
  • North German Confederation (1867-1871)
  • Franco-Prussian War (1870-1871)
  • German Empire (1871-1918)
  • World War I (1914-1918)
  • Free State of Prussia (1918-1947)
  • Weimar Republic (1918-1933)
  • Law on the Reconstruction of the Reich (1934)
  • World War II (1939-1945)
  • Prussia abolished by Allied Control Council (1947)

Sources

Wednesday, July 16, 2025

Collection of facts about the Ottoman Empire

This post is a collection of facts about the Ottoman Empire (c. 1299 - 1922). There are 32 facts listed below.

  • Based in Anatolia
  • Occupied Southeast Europe, Western Asia and North Africa
  • Capitals: Söğüt, Nicaea, Bursa, Adrianople and Constantinople
  • Founded by Osman I (c. 1299)
  • Byzantine-Ottoman wars (1299-1453)
  • Hungarian-Ottoman wars (1366-1718)
  • Ottoman-Venetian wars (1396-1718)
  • Albanian-Ottoman wars (1432-1479)
  • Fall of Constantinople (1453)
  • Spanish-Ottoman wars (1492-1792)
  • Suleiman the Magnificent (r. 1520-1566)
  • Ottoman-Habsburg wars (1526-1791)
  • Siege of Vienna (1529)
  • Great Siege of Malta (1565)
  • Russo-Turkish wars (1568-1918)
  • Battle of Lepanto (1571)
  • Great Turkish War (1683-1699)
  • Battle of Vienna (1683)
  • Serbian Revolution (1804-1815)
  • Greek War of Independence (1821-1829)
  • First Egyptian-Ottoman War (1831-1833)
  • Second Egyptian-Ottoman War (1839-1841)
  • Crimean War (1853-1856)
  • Romanian War of Independence (1877-1878)
  • Young Turk Revolution (1908)
  • First Balkan War (1912-1913)
  • Greek genocide (1913-1923)
  • World War I (1914-1918)
  • Armenia genocide (1915-1917)
  • Turkish War of Independence (1919-1923)
  • Treaty of Sèvres (1920)
  • Succeeded by Republic of Turkey

Sources

Collection of facts about the Holy Roman Empire

This post is a collection of facts about the Holy Roman Empire (800 - 1806 AD). There are 14 facts listed below. Source: Wikipedia

  • Occupied Germany, Czechia, Austria, Netherlands, Switzerland, Slovenia, Luxembourg, eastern France, northern Italy and western Poland
  • Monarch elected by prince-electors
  • Charlemagne crowned Emperor of the Romans by Pope Leo III (800 AD)
  • Otto I crowned Emperor of the Romans (962 AD)
  • Investiture Controversy (11th - 12th centuries)
  • Concordat of Worms (1122)
  • Renamed from 'Roman Empire' to 'Holy Roman Empire' (1254)
  • Renamed to 'Holy Roman Empire of the German Nation' (1512)
  • Peace of Augsburg (1555)
  • Thirty Years' War (1618-1648)
  • Peace of Westphalia (1648)
  • Battle of Vienna (1683)
  • Conquered by Napoleon (1806)
  • Succeeded by Confederation of the Rhine

Tuesday, July 15, 2025

List of key virtues in Confucianism

This post is a list of the key virtues in Confucianism. There are 5 virtues listed below. Source: Wikipedia

  • Ren (benevolence)
  • Yi (righteousness)
  • Li (propriety)
  • Zhi (wisdom)
  • Xin (sincerity)

Collection of quotes about the ENIAC

This post is a collection of quotes about ENIAC (completed in 1945). There are 3 quotes listed below. License: CC BY-SA 4.0

1. "...first programmable, electronic, general-purpose digital computer..." (Wikipedia: ENIAC, 6.26.25 UTC 12: 50)

2. "... a large collection of arithmetic machines, which originally had programs set up into the machine by a combination of plugboard wiring and three portable function tables (containing 1,200 ten-way switches each)." (Wikipedia: ENIAC, 6.26.25 UTC 12: 50)

3. "...contained 18,000 vacuum tubes, 7,200 crystal diodes, 1,500 relays, 70,000 resistors, 10,000 capacitors, and approximately 5,000,000 hand-soldered joints... roughly 8 feet tall, 3 feet deep and 100 feet long..." (Wikipedia: ENIAC, 6.26.25 UTC 12: 50)

List of internet posts

This post is a list of internet posts for this blog. There are 60 posts listed below chronologically by historical date or post date

    Internet history (42)

    Miscellaneous internet

Sunday, July 13, 2025

List of Middle Eastern history posts

This post is list of Middle Eastern history posts for this blog. There are 19 posts listed below by topic and chronologically by historical date or post date.

    Civilizations, empires and nations (16)

    Miscellaneous

List of European history posts

This post is a list of European history posts for this blog. There are 73 posts listed below by topic and chronologically by historical date or post date.

    Civilizations, empires and nations (39)

    Dynasties (8)
    Events (16)

    Miscellaneous

Saturday, July 12, 2025

List of Chinese history posts

This post is a Chinese history posts for this blog. There are 26 posts* listed below by topic and chronologically by historical date or post date.

    Dynasties (14)

    Events (8)

* not counting Basic timeline of China (already listed at List of country history posts)

Collection of facts about the Qing dynasty

This post is a collection of facts about the Qing dynasty (1636-1912). There are 13 facts listed below. Source: Wikipedia

  • Succeeded Later Jin dynasty and Ming dynasty
  • Capital: Beijing, China
  • Hong Taiji was first emperor
  • Dzungar-Qing Wars (1687-1758)
  • Ten Great Campaigns by Qianlong Emperor (1747-1792)
  • First Opium War (1839-1842)
  • Taiping Rebellion (1850-1864)
  • Second Opium War (1856-1860)
  • Self-Strengthening Movement (1861-1895)
  • First Sino-Japanese War (1894-1895)
  • Boxer Rebellion (1899-1901)
  • Xinhai Revolution (1911-1912)
  • Succeeded by Repbulic of China

Collection of facts about the Ming dynasty

This post is a collection of facts about the Ming dynasty (1368-1644). There are 16 facts listed below.

  • Succeeded Yuan dynasty
  • Founded by Hongwu Emperor
  • Capitals: Nanjing and Beijing, China
  • Jingnan campaign civil war (1399-1402)
  • Ming treasure voyages (1405-1433)
  • Yongle Emperor's campaigns against Mongols (1410-1424)
  • Tumu Crisis with Oirats (1449)
  • Rebellion of Cao Qin (1461)
  • Shaanxi earthquake of 1556
  • Ordos campaign in Ningxia (1592)
  • Great Plague of 1633-1644
  • Jiashen Incident in Beijing (1644)
  • Conquered by Shun dynasty
  • Succeeded by Qing dynasty
  • Southern Ming dynasty retreated to Southern China
  • Southern Ming dynasty conquered by Qing dynasty (1662)

Sources

Collection of facts about the Yuan dynasty

This post is a collection of facts about the Yuan dynasty (1271-1368). There are 7 facts listed below. Source: Wikipedia

  • Succeeded the Mongol Empire and Song dynasty
  • Based in East China
  • Founded by Kublai Khan
  • Defeated Song dynasty at Battle of Yamen (1279)
  • Red Turban Rebellion by Song loyalists (1351-1368)
  • Conquered by Ming dynasty (1368)
  • Northern Yuan dynasty retreated to Mongolia

Collection of facts about the Great Jin

This post is a collection of facts about the Great Jin (1115-1234). There are 7 facts listed below. Source: Wikipedia

  • Based in Manchuria, China
  • Jurchen people
  • Ruled by Wanyan clan
  • Conquered Liao dynasty (1125)
  • Jin-Song wars (1125-1234)
  • Invaded by Mongol Empire (1211-1234)
  • Conquered by Mongol Empire

Friday, July 11, 2025

Collection of facts about the Song dynasty

This post is a collection of facts about the Song dynasty (960 - 1279 AD). There are 11 facts listed below.

  • Succeeded Five Dynasties and Ten Kingdoms period
  • Based in East China
  • Invention of gunpowder weapons
  • Rivalry with Liao, Western Xia and Jin dynasties
  • Northern Song period (960-1127)
  • Song-Đại Việt War (1075-1077)
  • Jin-Song wars (1125-1234)
  • Southern Song period (1127-1279)
  • Invaded by Mongol Empire (1235-1279)
  • Battle of Xiangyang (1268-1273)
  • Conquered by Yuan dynasty and Mongol Empire

Sources

Collection of facts about the Liao dynasty

This post is a collection of facts about the Liao dynasty (916 - 1125 AD). There are 8 facts listed below.

  • Also known as Khitan State
  • Based in Northeastern China and Mongolia
  • Ruled by Yelü clan
  • Abaoji becomes emperor (916)
  • Goryeo-Khitan War (993, 1010, 1018-1019)
  • Fought Northern Song dynasty (1004)
  • Conquered by Jurchens (1125)
  • Succeeded by Great Jin and Qara Khitai

Sources

Collection of facts about the Tang dynasty

This post is a collection of facts about the Tang dynasty (618 - 907 AD). There are 10 facts listed below.

  • Succeeded Sui dynasty
  • Capitals: Chang'an and Luoyang, China
  • Fought Eastern Turks (629 - 630 AD)
  • Tang campaigns against the Western Turks (640 - 712 AD)
  • Wu Zhou interregnum (690 - 705 AD)
  • An Lushan rebellion (755 - 763 AD)
  • Fought Uyghur Khaganate in Mongolia (840 -847 AD)
  • Huichang persecution of Buddhism (841 - 846 AD)
  • Guangzhou massacre (878 - 879 AD)
  • Succeeded by Five Dynasties and Ten Kingdoms period

Sources

Collection of facts about the Sui dynasty

This post is a collection of facts about the Sui dynasty (581 - 618 AD). There are 7 facts listed below.

  • Succeeded Northern and Southern dynasties era
  • Reunified China
  • Capitals: Chang'an and Luoyang
  • Founded by Yang Jian
  • Sui-Lâm Ấp War in Vietnam (605 AD)
  • Defeated in Goguryeo-Sui War (598, 612 - 614 AD)
  • Defeated in civil war with Tang dynasty (613- 628 AD)

Sources

Thursday, July 10, 2025

Collection of facts about the Shang dynasty

This post is a collection of facts about the Shang dynasty (c. 1600 - 1046 BC). There are 7 facts listed below.

  • Existence supported by archaeological evidence
  • Based on Yellow River
  • Earliest Chinese writing (oracle bones)
  • Overthrew Xia dynasty in Battle of Mingtiao (c. 1600 BC)
  • Tang was the first ruler
  • Defeated in Battle of Muye (c. 1046 BC)
  • Succeeded by Zhou dynasty

Sources

Collection of facts about the Xia dynasty

This post is a collection of facts about the Xia dynasty (c. 2070 - 1600 BC). There are 8 facts listed below. Source: Wikipedia

  • First dynasty of China
  • Disputed existence by some scholars
  • Earliest mention in the Book of Documents during Zhou dynasty
  • Based on Yellow River
  • Great Flood lead to unification of tribes
  • Founded by legendary Yu the Great
  • Possible association with Erlitou culture
  • Succeeded by Shang dynasty

Collection of facts about the Jin dynasty

This post is a collection of facts about the Jin dynasty (266 - 420 AD). There are 11 facts listed below.

  • Succeeded Cao Wei
  • Western Jin period (266 - 316 AD)
  • Conquered Eastern Wu (280 AD)
  • War of the Eight Princes (291 - 306 AD)
  • Upheaval of the Five Barbarians (304 - 316 AD)
  • Luoyang captured (311 AD)
  • Chang'an captured (316 AD)
  • Eastern Jin period (317 - 420 AD)
  • Defeat Former Qin dynasty at Battle of Fei River (383 AD)
  • Liu Yu's Northern Expeditions (409 - 416 AD)
  • Succeeded by Liu Song dynasty and Sixteen Kingdoms period
Sources

Wednesday, July 9, 2025

Collection of facts about the Han Dynasty

This post is a collection of facts about the Han dynasty (202 BC - 220 AD). There are 13 facts listed below.

  • Succeeded Qin dynasty
  • Capitals: Chang'an, Lyoyang, and Xuchang, China
  • Chu-Han Contention (206 - 202 BC)
  • Liu Bang was first ruler (202 - 195 BC)
  • Southward expansion (2nd century BC)
  • Rebellion of the Seven States (154 BC)
  • Emperor Wu ruled (141 - 87 BC)
  • Han-Xiongnu Wars (133 BC - 89 AD)
  • Conquered Gojoseon (108 BC)
  • Interrupted by Xin dynasty (9 - 23 AD)
  • Yellow Turban Rebellion (184 - 205 AD)
  • Conquered by Cao Wei (220 AD)
  • Followed by the Three Kingdom period (220 - 280 AD)

Sources

Collection of facts about the Qin dynasty

This post is a collection of facts about the Qin dynasty (221 - 206 BC). There are 8 facts listed below.

  • Qin state established (c. 9th century BC)
  • Capital: Xianyang, China
  • Warring States period (c. 474 - 221 BC)
  • Qin's wars of unification (230 - 221 BC)
  • Qin Shi Huang becomes Emperor (221 BC)
  • Qin Shi Huang dies (210 BC)
  • Chu-Han Contention (206 -202 BC)
  • Succeeded by Han dynasty

Sources

Collection of facts about the Zhou dynasty

This post is a collection of facts about the Zhou dynasty (c. 1046 - 256 BC). There are 9 facts listed below. Source: Wikipedia

  • Based in the North China Plain
  • Introduced the Mandate of Heaven
  • Confucianism, Taoism and Legalism established
  • Western Zhou period (c. 1046 - 771 BC)
  • Fought Shang dynasty in Battle of Muye (c. 1046 BC)
  • Eastern Zhou period (771 BC - 256 BC)
  • Spring and Autumn period (c. 771 - 481 BC)
  • Warring States period (c. 475 - 221 BC)
  • Conquered by Qin dynasty (256 BC)

Monday, July 7, 2025

Collection of facts about Great Moravia

This post is a collection of facts about Great Moravia (c. 833 - 907 AD). There are 8 facts listed below. Source: Wikipedia

  • West Slavic origin
  • Based in Central Europe and Czech Republic
  • Named after Morava River
  • Founded by Mojmír I
  • Rastislav ruled 846 - 870 AD
  • Fought East Francia for independence
  • Svatopluk I ruled 870 - 894 AD
  • Conquered by Hungarians

Collection of facts about the Grand Duchy of Lithuania

This post is a collection of facts about the Grandy Duchy of Lithuania (c. 1236 - 1795). There are 11 facts listed below.

  • Formed by Lithuanian Baltic tribes
  • Existed as Kingdom of Lithuania (1251-1263)
  • Occupied parts of Belarus, Lithuania, Ukraine, Latvia, Moldova, Poland, Russia
  • Lithuanian Crusade (1283-1422)
  • Ruled by Gediminid and Jagiellonian dynasties (14th - 16th centuries)
  • Union of Krewo with the Kingdom of Poland (1386)
  • Lithuanian Civil War (1389-1392)
  • Muscovite-Lithuanian Wars (15th - 16th centuries)
  • Polish-Lithuanian Commonwealth established (1569)
  • Constitution of 3 May 1791
  • Partitioned by Russia, Prussia and Austria (1795)

Sources

Saturday, July 5, 2025

List of OPEC countries (2025)

This post is a list of OPEC countries as of 2025. There are 12 countries listed below alphabetically. Source: Wikipedia

  • Algeria
  • Equatorial Guinea
  • Gabon
  • Iran
  • Iraq
  • Kuwait
  • Libya
  • Nigeria
  • Republic of the Congo
  • Saudi Arabia
  • United Arab Emirates
  • Venezuela

(Former members: Angola, Ecuador, Indonesia, Qatar)

List of BRICS countries (2025)

This post is a list of BRICS countries as of 2025. There are 10 countries listed below alphabetically. Source: Wikipedia

  • Brazil
  • China
  • Egypt
  • Ethiopia
  • India
  • Indonesia
  • Iran
  • Russia
  • South Africa
  • United Arab Emirates

List of Carlist wars

This post is a list of the Carlist wars (1833-1876) in Spain. There are 3 wars listed below chronologically. Source: Wikipedia

  • First Carlist War: 1833-1840
  • Second Carlist War: 1846-1849
  • Third Carlist War: 1872-1876

Top 30 largest lakes

This post is a list of the top 30 largest lakes. Source: Wikipedia
  1. Caspian (Iran, Kazakhstan, Turkmenistan, Azerbaijan, Russia)
  2. Superior (Canada, United States)
  3. Victoria (Tanzania, Uganda, Kenya)
  4. Huron (Canada, United States)
  5. Michigan (United States)
  6. Tanganyika (Tanzania, Democratic Republic of the Congo, Burundi, Zambia)
  7. Baikal (Russia)
  8. Great Bear (Canada)
  9. Malawi (Malawi, Mozambique, Tanzania)
  10. Great Slave (Canada)
  11. Erie (Canada, United States)
  12. Winnipeg (Canada)
  13. Ontario (Canada, United States)
  14. Ladoga (Russia)
  15. Balkhash (Kazakhstan)
  16. Vostok (Antarctica)
  17. Onega (Russia)
  18. Titicaca (Peru, Bolivia)
  19. Nicaragua (Nicaragua)
  20. Athabasca (Canada)
  21. Reindeer (Canada)
  22. Turkana (Kenya, Ethiopia)
  23. Issyk-Kul (Kyrgyzstan)
  24. Vänern (Sweden)
  25. Rukwa (Tanzania)
  26. Albert (Uganda, Democratic Republic of the Congo)
  27. Nettilling (Canada)
  28. Winnipegosis (Canada)
  29. Mweru (Zambia, Democratic Republic of the Congo)
  30. Nipigon (Candada)

Collection of Chinese dynasties

This post is a collection of Chinese dynasties. There are 26 dynasties listed below chronologically. Source: Wikipedia

  • Xia (c. 2070 - 1600 BC)
  • Shang (c. 1600 - 1046 BC)
  • Zhou (c. 1046 - 256 BC)
  • Qin (221 - 206 BC)
  • Nanyue (204 - 111 BC)
  • Han (206 BC - 220 AD)
  • Cao Wei* (220-266)
  • Shu Han* (221-263)
  • Eastern Wu* (222-280)
  • Jin (266-420)
  • Northern Wei** (386-535)
  • Liu Song** (420-479)
  • Southern Qi** (479-502)
  • Liang** (502-557)
  • Northern Qi** (550-577)
  • Northern Zhou** (557-581)
  • Chen** (557-589)
  • Sui (581-618)
  • Tang (618-907)
  • Liao*** (916-1125)
  • Song*** (960-1279)
  • Western Xia (1038-1227)
  • Great Jin (1115-1234)
  • Yuan (1271-1368)
  • Ming (1368-1644)
  • Qing (1636-1912)

* part of the Three Kingdoms period (220-280)
** part of the Northern and Southern dynasties period (420-589)
*** existed during the Five Dynasties and Ten Kingdoms period (907-979)

List of G7 countries

This post is a list of G7 countries. There are 7 countries listed below alphabetically. Source: Wikipedia

  • Canada
  • France
  • Germany
  • Italy
  • Japan
  • United Kingdom
  • United States

Wednesday, July 2, 2025

List of lands occupied by the Mongol Empire

This post is a list of lands occupied by the Mongol Empire (1206-1368). There are 22 modern countries and 2 geographic regions listed below alphabetically. Source: Wikipedia

  • Afghanistan
  • Armenia
  • Azerbaijan
  • Belarus
  • China
  • Georgia
  • Iran
  • Iraq
  • Kashmir*
  • Kazakhstan
  • Kyrgyzstan
  • Moldova
  • Mongolia
  • Myanmar
  • North Korea
  • Pakistan
  • Romania
  • Siberia*
  • South Korea
  • Tajikistan
  • Turkey
  • Turkmenistan
  • Ukraine
  • Uzbekistan

* geographic region