- Russia vs. Denmark-Norway, Sweden, Polish-Lithuanian Commonwealth
- Conflict over present-day Estonia and Latvia
- Russia controlled the region 1558 to 1578
- Battle of Wenden (1577-1578)
- Swedish Estonia established
- Denmark-Norway purchased Bishopric of Ă–sel-Wiek
- Ended with the Truce of Jam Zapolski and Truce of Plussa
- Russia lost control of Livonia, Polotsk, Ingria