This post is a list of Italian (non-Papal States, non-Roman civilization) political leaders (level 4 vital articles on Wikipedia). There are 8 political leaders listed below chronologically. Source: Wikipedia
Robert Guiscard (c. 1015-1085)
"...Norman adventurer remembered for his conquest of southern Italy and Sicily... made Duke of Apulia and Calabria and Lord of Sicily... briefly Prince of Benevento..." (Wikipedia: Robert Guiscard, 2.12.26 UTC 06:50)
Roger II of Sicily (1095-1154)
"...became Duke of Apulia and Calbria in 1127, then King of Sicily in 1130 and King of Africa in 1148." (Wikipedia: Roger II of Sicily, 2.13.26 UTC 01:49)
Cosimo de' Medici (1389-1464)
"...Italian banker and politician... de facto first ruler of Florence during the Italian Renaissance, establishing the Medici family as its effective leaders for generations... power derived from his wealth as a banker... patron of arts, learning and architecture... including Donatello's David..." (Wikipedia: Cosimo de' Medici, 1.23.26 UTC 14:12)
Lorenzo de' Medici (1449-1492)
"...de facto ruler of the Florentine Republic... held the balance of power within the Italic League, an alliance of states that stabilized political conditions... sponsorship of artists such as Botticelli and Michelangelo... subject of the Pazzi conspiracy, in which his brother Giuliano was assassinated. The Peace of Lodi of 1454 that he supported among various Italian states collapsed with his death." (Wikipedia: Lorenzo de' Medici, 2.4.26 UTC 22:41)
Girolamo Savonarola (1452-1498)
"...Dominican friar from Ferrara... advocacy of the destruction of secular art and culture, and his calls for Christian renewal... instituted an extreme moralistic campaign... Florence refused to join Pope Alexander VI's Holy League against the French... Alexander excommunicated Savonarola... Savonarola and two of his supporting friars were imprisoned... civil authorities condemned, hanged, and burned the bodies of the three friars..." (Wikipedia: Girolamo Savonarola, 1.21.26 UTC 02:50)
Cesare Borgia (1475-1507)
"...cardinal deacon and later a condottiero, as well as a member of the Spanish House of Borgia... illegitimate son of Pope Alexander VI... employed as a condottiero for King Louis XII of France... occupied both Milan and Naples during the Italian Wars... carved out a state for himself in Central Italy, but he was unable to retain power..." (Wikipedia: Cesare Borgia, 2.8.26 UTC 01:05)
Camillo Benso (1810-1861)
"...leading figure in the movement towards Italian unification... Prime Minister of the Kingdom of Sardinia from 1852... After the declaration of a united Kingdom of Italy, Cavour took office as the first Prime Minister of Italy..." (Wikipedia: Camillo Benso, 2.8.26 UTC 18:44)
Benito Mussolini (1883-1945)
"...dictator who was prime minister of Italy, whose rule lasted from the March on Rome in 1922 until his overthrow in 1943... founded the National Fascist Party... removing opposition through his secret police... signed the Lateran Treaty to establish Vatican City... In 1936, Ethiopia was conquered... formed the Axis powers with Nazi Germany and the Empire of Japan... placed in custody in July 1943... rescued by Germany... Adolf Hitler made Mussolini the figurehead of a puppet state... captured by communist partisans and executed..." (Wikipedia: Benito Mussolini, 2.16.26 UTC 03:54)
License: CC BY-SA 4.0
