- Hittites (1680 - 1178 BC)
- Lydia (1200 - 546 BC)
- Achaemenid Empire (550 - 330 BC)
- Odrysian kingdom (480 - 30 BC)
- Alexander the Great and Macedonia invade Turkey (334 - 330 BC)
- Kingdom of Pontus (281 BC - 62 AD)
- Byzantine Empire (395 - 1453 AD)
- Byzantine-Sasanian War (602-628 AD)
- Komnenian restoration (1081-1185)
- Sack of Constantinople (1204)
- Byzantine-Ottoman Wars (1265-1479)
- Seljuk dynasty (10th century - 1307)
- Ottoman Empire (1299-1922)
- Ottoman-Hungarian Wars (1366-1526)
- Fall of Constantinople (1453)
- Sultanate of Women (1533-1656)
- Long Turkish War (1593-1606)
- Cretan War (1645-1669)
- Greek War of Independence (1821-1829)
- Ottoman coup d'état (1913)
- World War I (1914-1918)
- Gallipoli campaign (1915-1916)
- Sykes-Picot Agreement (1916)
- Arab Revolt (1916-1918)
- Turkish War of Independence (1919-1923)
- Republic of Turkey (1922 - now)
- Neutrality in World War II (1939-1945)
- First Turkish coup d'état (1960)
- Second Turkish coup d'état (1971)
- Invasion of Cyprus (1974)
- Kurdish-Turkish conflict (1978 - now)
- Third Turkish coup d'état (1980)
(This post includes any nation or civilization that occupied at least a portion of Turkey at some point. Unless specified otherwise, the dates correspond to when a nation or civilization existed, but do not necessarily correspond to occupation of Turkey.)
