Collection of principles of liberalism

This post is a collection of principles of liberalism. There are 10 principles listed below alphabetically. Source: Wikipedia

• civil rights
• consent of the governed
• democracy
• freedom of religion
• freedom of speech
• human rights
• market economy
• private property
• rule of law
• secularism

Daniel Boorstein and knowledge

Daniel Boorstein (1914-1987) was an American historian best known for serving at the Library of Congress. The rest of this post is some quotes from Boorstein.

1. "Since no one by himself could aspire to a serene knowledge of the whole truth, all men had been drawn into an active, exploratory and cooperative attitude." (The Lost Wold of Thomas Jefferson, 1948)

2. "It is not the menace of class war, of ideology, of poverty, of disease, of illiteracy, or demagoguery, or of tyranny, though these now plague most of the world. It is the menace of unreality." (The Image: A Guide to Pseudo-Events in America, 1961)

3. "In the last half century a larger and larger proportion of our experience, of what we read and see and hear, has come to consist of pseudo-events." (The Image: A Guide to Pseudo-Events in America, 1961)

4. "While knowledge is orderly and cumulative, information is random and miscellaneous." (Gresham's Law: Knowledge or Information? 1979)

5. "The most promising words ever written on the maps of human knowledge are terra incognita, unknown territory." (The Discoverers, 1983)

6. "The computer can help us find what we know is there. But the book remains our symbol and our resource for the unimagined question and the unwelcome answer." (AZQuotes.com)

Octavio Paz and language

Octavio  Paz (1914-1998) was a Mexican writer and received the 1990 Nobel Prize in literature. The rest of this post is some quotes from Paz.

1. "The relations between rhetoric and ethics are disturbing: the ease with which language can be twisted is worrisome, and the fact that our minds accept these perverse games so docilely is no less cause for concern. We ought to subject language to a diet of bread and water if we wish to keep it from being corrupted and corrupting us... Unweave the verbal fabric: reality will appear." (The Monkey Grammarian, 1974)

2. "Language lies outside society because it is its foundation; but it also lies within society because that is the only place where it exists and the only place where it develops." (Alternating Current, 1973)

Collection of portrait paintings by Giuseppe Arcimboldo

This post is a collection of portrait paintings by Giuseppe Arcimboldo (1527-1593). There are 4 paintings listed below chronologically.

Summer (1563)

Fire (1566)

Four Seasons in One Head (c. 1590)

Vertumnus (1591)

Collection of Peter Paul Rubens portrait paintings

This post is a collection of paintings by Peter Paul Rubens (1577-1640). There are 2 paintings listed below chronologically.

Equestrian Portrait of the Duke of Lerma (1603)

Honeysuckle Bower (1609)

Collection of Pierre-Auguste Renoir flower paintings (extended, after 1900)

This post is a collection of flower paintings after 1900 by Pierre-Auguste Renoir (1841-1919) not previous on listed on this blog. The previous Renoir flower post can be found at this link. There are 2 paintings listed below chronologically.

Bouquet of Roses (1900)

Fleurs - Roses (c. 1905)

Collection of James Ferraro songs

This post is a collection of James Ferraro songs. There are 4 songs listed below alphabetically.

• Earth Jump
• F-150 Night Eros At The Highway's End
• Hollywood Vishnu
• Twilight Pretender

Collection of Death's Dynamic Shroud songs

This post is a collection of Death's Dynamic Shroud songs. There are 10 songs listed below.

• 너 땜에 맘이 맘이 맘이 맘이 괴로워요
• 혼자 남은 지금 꼴이
• 그대 기억에 지쳐 잠들죠
• 制御一目
• как давно это было
• Before I Cool Off
• Butterflies
• CD Player, Pt. III
• MACHINE天使 (パート2)
• TINT & DEV

List of royal stars in astrology

This post is a list of royal stars in astrology. There are 4 stars listed below alphabetically. Source: Wikipedia

• Aldebaran
• Antares
• Fomalhaut
• Regulus

List of Four Holy Beasts

This post is a list of the Four Holy Beasts in Chinese mythology. There are 4 beast listed below alphabetically. Source: Wikipedia

• Dragon
• Phoenix
• Turtle
• Qilin

List of kingdoms in the Heptarchy (Anglo-Saxon England)

This post is a list of kingdoms in the Heptarchy in Anglo-Saxon England (6th - 8th centuries AD). There are 7 kingdoms listed below alphabetically.

• East Anglia
• Essex
• Kent
• Mercia
• Northumbria
• Sussex
• Wessex

Collection of commodities exchanged on the Silk Road

This post is a collection of commodities exchanged on the Silk Road. There are 28 commodities listed below alphabetically. Sources: Wikipedia, History.com, Advantour.com

• camels
• cattle
• ceramics
• cotton
• dyes
• fabrics
• fruits
• furs
• glassware
• grains
• gunpowder
• honey
• horses
• jewels
• livestock
• medicines
• metals
• paper
• perfumes
• porcelain
• rice
• silk
• skins
• slaves
• spices
• tea
• wine
• wool

Collection of behavioral modernity characteristics

This post is a collection of behavioral modernity characteristics. There are 22 characteristics listed below alphabetically. Source: Wikipedia

• abstract thinking
• art
• blades
• bone tools
• burial
• clothes
• cooking
• cooperative labor
• dance
• fire
• fishing
• hearths
• jewelry
• language
• large game hunting
• music
• pigments
• planning
• ornamentation
• social norms
• stone tools
• trade

List of archaeological periods

This post is a list of archaeological periods. There are 6 periods listed below chronologically. License: CC BY-SA 4.0

1. Paleolithic: "...development of stone tools." (Wikipedia: Paleolithic, 9.29.24 UTC 14:54)

2. Mesolithic: "...decline in the group hunting of large animals in favor of a broad hunter-gatherer way of life, and the development of more sophisticated and typically smaller lithic tools and weapons..." (Wikipedia: Mesolithic, 8.4.24 UTC 16:18)

3. Neolithic: "...introduction of farming, domestication of animals, and change from a hunter-gather lifestyle to one settlement." (Wikipedia: Neolithic, 10.5.24 UTC 14:40)

4. Chalcolithic: "...increasing use of smelted copper." (Wikipedia: Chalcolithic, 10.22.24 UTC 08:11)

5. Bronze Age: "...use of bronze tools and the development of complex urban societies, as well as the adoption of writing in some areas." (Wikipedia: Bronze Age, 10.22.24 UTC 08:24)

6. Iron Age: "...production of smelted iron..." (Wikipedia: Iron Age, 10.17.24 UTC 14:48)

Collection of homo species

This post is a collection of homo species. There are 18 species listed below alphabetically. Source: Wikipedia

• H. antecessor
• H. cepranesis
• Denisovan
• H. erectus
• H. ergaster
• H. floresiensis
• H. gautengensis
• H. habilis
• H. heidelbergensis
• H. longi
• H. luzonensis
• H. naledi
• Neanderthal
• Nesher Ramla Homo
• H. rhodesiensis
• H. rudolfensis
• H. sapiens
• H. tsaichangensis

Ivan Illich and education

Ivan Illich (1926-2002) was an Austrian philosopher and theologian. The rest of this post is some quotes from Illich.

Education

"Most learning is not the result of instruction. It is rather the result of unhampered participation in a meaningful setting." (Deschooling Society, 1971)

"The most radical alternative to school would be a network or service which gave man the same opportunity to share his current concern with others motivated by the same concern." (The Dawn of the Epimethean Man and Other Essays, 1970)

"The current search for new educational funnels must be reversed into the search for their institutional inverse: educational webs which heighten the opportunity for each one to transform each moment of his living into one of learning, sharing and caring." (Deschooling Society, 1971)

Change

"Neither revolution nor reformation can ultimately change a society, rather you must tell a new powerful tale, one so persuasive that it sweeps away the old myths and becomes the preferred story, one so inclusive that it gathers all the bits of our past and our present into a coherent whole, one that even shines some light into the future so that we can take the next step... If you want to change a society, then you have to tell an alternative story." (AZQuotes.com)

Denis Diderot and the Encyclopédie

Denis Diderot (1713-1784) was a French philosopher best known for co-founding the Encyclopédie project. The rest of this post is some quotes from Diderot.

1. "This is a work that cannot be completed except by a society of men of letters and skilled workmen, each working separately on his own part, but all bound together solely by their zeal for the best interests of the human race and a feeling of mutual good will." (Encyclopédie, 1751-1766)

2. "Pithy sentences are like sharp nails which force truth upon our memory." (Quoted in Dictionary of Thoughts by Tyron Edwards)

3. "As long as the centuries continue to unfold, the number of books will grow continually, and one can predict that a time will come when it will be almost as difficult to learn anything from books as from the direct study of the whole universe. It will be almost as convenient to search for some bit of truth concealed in nature as it will be to find it hidden away in a an immense multitude of bound volumes." (Encyclopédie, 1751-1766)

4. "I picture the vast realm of the sciences as an immense landscape scattered with patches of dark and light. The goal towards which we must work is either to extend the boundaries of the patches of light, or to increase their number. One of these tasks falls to the creative genius; the other requires a sort of sagacity combined with perfectionism." (Thoughts on the Interpretation of Nature, 1754)

Friedrich Schlegel and literature

Friedrich Schlegel (1772-1829) was a German philosopher. The rest of this post is some quotes from Schlegel.

1. "In a perfect literature all books should be only a single book and in such an eternally developing book, the gospel of humanity and culture will be revealed." (Lucinde and the Fragments, 1971 posthumous)

2. "Do not waste your faith and love on the political world, but, in the divine world of science and art, offer up your inmost being in a fiery stream of eternal creation." (Lucinde and the Fragments, 1971 posthumous)

3. "Aphorisms are the true form of the universal philosophy." (Athenaeum Fragments, 1798)

4. "A perfect project should simultaneously be entirely subjective and entirely objective." (Athenaeum Fragments, 1798)

Martha Nussbaum and ethics

Martha Nussbaum (1947 - now) is an American philosopher. The rest of this post is some quotes from Nussbaum.

Ethics

"...the humanities prepare students to be good citizens and help them understand a complicated, interlocking world. The humanities teach us critical thinking, how to analyze arguments and how to imagine life from the point of view of someone unlike yourself." (Interview with William D. Adams, National Endowment for the Humanities, 2017)

"Knowledge is no guarantee of good behavior, but ignorance is a virtual guarantee of bad behavior (Not for Profit: Why Democracy Needs the Humanities, 2012)

Reason

"Notice that all the traditional things philosophers do, looking for validity and soundness, promote civic friendship. That sounds pretty pie in the sky, yes, but I actually believe it." (Interview with William D. Adams, National Endowment for the Humanities, 2017)

Lev Vygotsky and education

Lev Vygotsky (1896-1934) was a Russian psychologist. The rest of this post is some quotes from Vygotsky.

Play

"In play a child always behaves beyond his average age, above his daily behavior; in play it is as though he were a head taller than himself. As in the focus of a magnifying glass, play contains all developmental tendencies in a condensed form and is itself a major source of development." (Mind in Society, 1978 posthumous)

Language

"Language is the tool of the tools." (AZQuotes.com)

"Thought is not merely expressed in words, it comes into existence through them." (AZQuotes.com)

Leo Szilard and the atomic bomb

Leo Szilard (1898-1964) was a Hungarian physicist best known for writing the Einstein-Szilard letter to Franklin Roosevelt in 1939 that lead to the Manhattan Project and the development of the atomic bomb. The rest of this post is some quotes from Szilard.

Success

"The most important step in getting a job done is the recognition of the problem. Once I recognize a problem I can think of someone who can work it out better than I could." (Quoted in Close-up: I'm Looking for a Market for Wisdom, LIFE Magazine, 1961)

"In order to succeed it is not necessary to be much clever than other people. All you have to do is be one day ahead of them." (Quoted in Close-up: I'm Looking for a Market for Wisdom, LIFE Magazine, 1961)

Science

"A scientist's aim in a discussion with his colleagues is not to persuade, but to clarify." (The Voice of Dolphins and Other Stories, 1961)

"In science it is not enough to think of an important problem on which to work. It is also necessary to know the means which could be used to investigate the problem." (AZQuotes.com)

Thomas Mann and simplicity

Thomas Mann (1875-1955) was a German writer and received the 1929 Nobel Prize in Literature. The rest of this post is some quotes from Mann.

Language

"Speech is civilization itself." (The Magic Mountain, 1924)

"An art whose medium is language will always show a high degree of critical creativeness, for speech is itself a critique of life: it names, it characterizes, it passes judgement, in that it creates." (Speech at the Prussian Academy of Art in Berlin, 1929)

Simplicity

"Order and simplification are the first steps toward the mastery of the subject - the actual enemy is the unknown." (The Magic Mountain, 1924)

List of countries previously in the Soviet Union

This post is a list of countries previously in the Soviet Union. There are 15 countries listed below alphabetically. Source: Wikipedia

• Armenia
• Azerbaijan
• Belarus
• Estonia
• Georgia
• Kazakhstan
• Kyrgyzstan
• Latvia
• Lithuania
• Moldova
• Russia
• Tajikistan
• Turkmenistan
• Ukraine
• Uzbekistan

List of U.S. states by area

This post is a list of the U.S. states by area. There are 50 states listed below. Source: Wikipedia

1. Alaska: 665 thousand sq mi
2. Texas: 268 thousand sq mi
3. California: 163 thousand sq mi
4. Montana: 147 thousand sq mi
5. New Mexico: 121 thousand sq mi
6. Arizona: 113 thousand sq mi
7. Nevada: 110 thousand sq mi
8. Colorado: 104 thousand sq mi
9. Oregon: 98 thousand sq mi
10. Wyoming: 97 thousand sq mi
11. Michigan: 96 thousand sq mi
12. Minnesota: 86 thousand sq mi
13. Utah: 84 thousand sq mi
14. Idaho: 83 thousand sq mi
15. Kansas: 82 thousand sq mi
16. Nebraska: 77 thousand sq mi
17. South Dakota: 77 thousand sq mi
18. Washington: 71 thousand sq mi
19. North Dakota: 70 thousand sq mi
20. Oklahoma: 69 thousand sq mi
21. Missouri: 69 thousand sq mi
22. Florida: 65 thousand sq mi
23. Wisconsin: 65 thousand sq mi
24. Georgia: 59 thousand sq mi
25. Illinois: 57 thousand sq mi
26. Iowa: 56 thousand sq mi
27. New York: 54 thousand sq mi
28. North Carolina: 53 thousand sq mi
29. Arkansas: 53 thousand sq mi
30. Alabama: 52 thousand sq mi
31. Louisiana: 52 thousand sq mi
32. Mississippi: 48 thousand sq mi
33. Pennsylvania: 46 thousand sq mi
34. Ohio: 44 thousand sq mi
35. Virginia: 42 thousand sq mi
36. Tennessee: 42 thousand sq mi
37. Kentucky: 40 thousand sq mi
38. Indiana: 36 thousand sq mi
39. Maine: 35 thousand sq mi
40. South Carolina: 32 thousand sq mi
41. West Virginia: 24 thousand sq mi
42. Maryland: 12 thousand sq mi
43. Hawaii: 10 thousand sq mi
44. Massachusetts: 10 thousand sq mi
45. Vermont: 9.6 thousand sq mi
46. New Hampshire: 9.3 thousand sq mi
47. New Jersey: 8.7 thousand sq mi
48. Connecticut: 5.3 thousand sq mi
49. Delaware: 2.4 thousand sq mi
50. Rhode Island: 1.5 thousand sq mi

Top 20 largest deserts on Earth (short version)

This post is a list of the 20 largest deserts on Earth. The original post can be found at this link. Source: Wikipedia

1. Antarctica: 14 million km sq
2. Arctic: 14 million km sq
3. Sahara: 9 million km sq
4. Australian Desert: 2.7 million km sq
5. Arabian Desert: 2.3 million km sq
6. Gobi Desert: 1.2 million km sq
7. Kalahari Desert: 900 thousand km sq
8. Patagonian Desert: 620 thousand km sq
9. Syrian Desert: 520 thousand km sq
10. Great Basin: 492 thousand km sq
11. Chihuahuan Desert: 450 thousand km sq
12. Karakum Desert: 350 thousand km sq
13. Colorado Plateau: 337 thousand km sq
14. Sonoran Desert: 310 thousand km sq
15. Kyzylkum Desert: 300 thousand km sq
16. Taklamakan Desert: 270 thousand km sq
17. Thar Desert: 200 thousand km sq
18. Dasht-e Margo: 150 thousand km sq
19. Registan Desert: 146 thousand km sq
20. Atacama Desert: 140 thousand km sq

Top 10 tallest mountains on Earth (short version)

This post is a list of the 10 tallest mountains on Earth. The original post can be found at this link. Source: Wikipedia

1. Mount Everest: 8,848 meters
2. K2: 8,611 meters
3. Kangchenjunga: 8,586 meters
4. Lhoste: 8,516 meters
5. Makalu: 8,485 meters
6. Cho Oyu: 8,188 meters
7. Dhaulagiri: 8,167 meters
8. Manaslu: 8,163 meters
9. Nanga Parbat: 8,126 meters
10. Annapurna: 8,091 meters

List of major Hawaiian islands (short version)

This post is a list of the major Hawaiian islands. There are 8 islands listed below by area. The original post can be found at this link. Source: Wikipedia

1. Hawaii (island): 4,028 sq mi
2. Maui: 727 sq mi
3. Oahu: 596 sq mi
4. Kauai: 552 sq mi
5. Molokai: 260 sq mi
6. Lanai: 140 sq mi
7. Niihau: 69 sq mi
8. Kahoolawe: 44 sq mi

List of dragon significations

This post is a list of dragon significations. There are 4 significations listed below alphabetically.

• energy
• luck
• power
• wealth

List of Naisargika Dasha periods of life

This post is a list of Naisargika Dasha periods of life in astrology. There are 7 periods listed below chronologically. Source: Vic DiCara's Astrology

• Moon: 0 - 1 years
• Mars: 1 - 3 years
• Mercury: 3 - 12 years
• Venus: 12 - 32 years
• Jupiter: 32 - 50 years
• Sun: 50 - 70 years
• Saturn: 70 - 120 years

List of Graha maturity of planets and placements

This post is a list of Graha maturity of planets and placements in astrology. There are 9 planets and placements listed below by maturity age. Source: barbarapijan.com

• Jupiter: 16 years
• Sun: 22 years
• Moon: 24 years
• Venus: 25 years
• Mars: 28 years
• Mercury: 32 years
• Saturn: 36 years
• North node: 48 years
• South node: 48 years

Collection of facts about the Vietnam War

This post is a collection of facts about the Vietnam War (1955-1975). There are 22 facts listed below. Source: Wikipedia

• North Vietnam and Viet Cong supported by Soviet Union and China
• South Vietnam supported by United States
• Total casualties: 1.3 - 3.4 million
• Vietnamese civilian casualties: 400 thousand - 2.0 million
• US casualties: 58 thousand
• 1954 Geneva Conference ends French Indochina and establishes 17th parallel border between North Vietnam and South Vietnam
• North Vietnam invades Laos: 1958
• Laotian Civil War: 1959-1975
• Buddhist crisis: 1963
• South Vietnam President Ngô Đình Diệm assassinated: November 2nd, 1963
• Gulf of Tonkin incident: 1964
• Operation Rolling Thunder: 1965-1968
• Buddhist Uprising: 1966
• Cambodian Civil War: 1967-1975
• Huế massacre: 1968
• My Lai massacre: 1968
• Tet Offensive: 1968
• Easter Offensive: 1972
• Paris Peace Accords: 1973
• 1975 spring offensive
• Fall of Phnom Penh: April 1975
• Fall of Saigon: April 30th, 1975

Sources

Wikipedia: Laotian Civil War, Cambodian Civil War, 1970 Cambodian coup d'état

Collection of facts about the Yugoslav Wars

This post is a collection of facts about the Yugoslav Wars (1991-2001). There are 14 facts listed below.

• Caused by the breakup of Yugoslavia into six countries: Slovenia, Croatia, Bosnia and Herzegovina, Montenegro, Serbia
• Total casualties: 130,000 - 140,000+
• Ten-Day War (Slovenian War of Independence): June 27th - July 7th, 1991
• Croatian War of Independence: 1991-1995
• Battle of Vukovar: August 25th - November 18th, 1991
• Siege of Dubrovnik: October 1st, 1991 - May 31st, 1992
• United Nations Protection Force active: 1992-1995
• Bosnian War: 1992-1995
• Siege of Sarajevo: April 5th, 1992 - February 29th, 1996
• Srebrenica massacre: 1995
• Insurgency in Kosovo: 1995-1998
• Kosovo War: 1998-1999
• Insurgency in the Preševo Valley: 1999-2001
• Insurgency in Macedonia: 2001

Sources

Wikipedia: Yugoslav Wars, Battle of Vukovar, Siege of Dubrovnik, United Nations Protection Force, Siege of Sarajevo

Collection of facts about the Crusades in the Holy Land

This post is a collection of facts about the Crusades in the Holy Land (1095-1291). There are 16 facts listed below chronologically.

• Pope Urban II calls Council of Clermont: 1095
• Mission to conquer Jerusalem from Muslim rule
• Casualties: 1 - 3 million
• First Crusade: 1096-1099
• Siege of Jerusalem: 1099
• Second Crusade: 1147-1150
• Third Crusade: 1189-1192
• Fourth Crusade: 1202-1204
• Fifth Crusade: 1217-1221
• Sixth Crusade: 1227-1229
• Baron's Crusade: 1239-1241
• Seventh Crusade: 1248-1254
• Eighth Crusade: 1270
• Lord Edward's Crusade: 1271-1272
• Fall of Outremer: 1272-1302
• Siege of Acre: 1291

Sources

Wikipedia: Crusades, First Crusade, Second Crusade, Third Crusade, Fourth Crusade, Fifth Crusade, Sixth Crusade, Baron's Crusade, Seventh Crusade, Eighth Crusade, Lord Edward's Crusade, Fall of Outremer, List of wars by death toll

Collection of facts about the Hundred Years' War

This post is a collection of facts about the Hundred Years' War (1337-1453). There are 17 facts listed below.

• Conflict between England and France
• Caused by claim to the French throne
• Charles IV of France died in 1328 and his nephew Edward III of England was the closest male relative
• Lasted 116 years
• Total casualties: 2.3 - 3.5 million
• Edwardian War: 1337-1360
• Battle of Crécy: 1346
• Battle of Poitiers: 1356
• Treaty of Brétigny: 1360
• Caroline War: 1369-1389
• Lancastrian War: 1415-1453
• Battle of Agincourt: 1415
• Battle of Verneuil: 1424
• Siege of Orléans: 1429
• Joan of Arc captured and executed: 1431
• Battle of Formigny: 1450
• Battle of Castillon: 1453

Sources

Wikipedia: Hundred Years' War, List of wars by death toll

Collection of facts about the Code of Hammurabi

This post is a collection of facts about the Code of Hammurabi. There are 6 facts listed below. Source: Wikipedia

• Legal text for Babylon
• Written 1755-1750 BC
• Akkadian language
• Inscribed on a basalt stele
• 2.25 meters tall
• 4,130 lines of text

Collection of facts about the American Civil War

This post is a collection of facts about the American Civil War (1861-1865). There are 10 facts listed below. Source: Wikipedia

• Total casualties: 620,000 - 750,000 soldiers
• Confederacy formed by seven states which secede from the United States: 1861
• Confederacy attacks Fort Sumter: April 12th, 1861
• First Battle of Bull Run: July 1861
• Battle of Antietam: September 17, 1862
• Emancipation Proclamation abolishes slavery: January 1st, 1863
• Battle of Gettysburg: July 1863
• Robert E. Lee surrenders to Ulysses S. Grant: April 9th, 1865
• Abraham Lincoln assassinated: April 14th, 1865
• Last confederacy troops disbanded: May 26th, 1865

Collection of facts about World War II

This post is a collection of facts about World War II (1939-1945). There are 15 facts listed below.

• Allied counties: United Kingdom, United States, Soviet Union
• Axis countries: Germany, Japan, Italy
• Total casualties: 60 million
• Military casualties: 20 million
• Civilian casualties: 40 million
• Holocaust: 6 million Jews killed
• Germany invades Poland: September 1st, 1939
• Germany invades Soviet Union: June 22nd, 1941
• Japan attacks Pearl Harbor: December 7th, 1941
• Battle of Stalingrad: July 1942 - February 1943
• Allies invade Normandy, France: June 6th, 1944
• Yalta Conference between Allied countries: February 4th, 1945
• Germany surrenders: May 8th, 1945
• United States drops atomic bombs on Hiroshima and Nagasaki: August 6th and 9th, 1945
• Japan surrenders: September 2nd, 1945

Sources

Wikipedia: World War II, Battle of Stalingrad

Collection of facts about World War I

This post is a collection of facts about World War I (1914-1918). There are 10 facts listed below. Source: Wikipedia

• Assassination of Archduke Franz Ferdinand: June 28th, 1914
• Allied Powers: France, United Kingdom, Russia, Italy, United States, Japan
• Central Powers: Germany, Austria Hungary, Ottoman Empire, Bulgaria
• Total military casualties: 9 million (estimated)
• Total civilian casualties: 8 million (estimated)
• First Battle of the Marne: September 1914
• Battle of Verdun: February - December 1916
• Battle of Somme: July - November 1916
• Armistice of 11 November 1918 ends the war
• Treaty of Versailles signed: June 28th, 1919

Collection of Greg Maddux career statistics

This post is a collection of Greg Maddux career statistics. There are 9 statistics listed below. Source: Baseball-reference.com

• Games started: 740
• Innings pitched: 5,008.1
• ERA: 3.16
• WHIP: 1.14
• Hits: 4,726
• Strikeouts: 3,371
• Walks: 999
• Wins: 355
• Losses: 227

Collection of Josh Gibson career statistics

This post is a collection of Josh Gibson career statistics. There are 10 statistics listed below. Source: Baseball-reference.com

• At bats: 2,168
• Batting average: .373
• On-base percentage: .458
• Hits: 808
• Walks: 336
• Homeruns: 166
• Runs: 612
• RBIs: 733
• Stolen bases: 40
• Slugging percentage: .718

Collection of facts about the 1989 Tiananmen Square massacre

This post is a collection of facts about the 1989 Tiananmen Square massacre. There are 8 facts listed below. Source: Wikipedia

• Initial protests: April 15th - June 4th, 1989
• Massacre: June 3rd - 4th, 1989
• Beijing, China
• Student-led protests
• Up to one million protesters
• Anti-corruption and economic demands
• ~ 300,000 troops mobilized
• Deaths: ~ 300 (official figure)

Collection of facts about the Mongol Empire

This post is a collection of facts about the Mongol Empire. There are 9 facts listed below. Source: Wikipedia

• Genghis Khan unites Mongols: 1206
• Expanded across Eurasia: 23,500,000 square kilometers in 1294
• Mongol khanates emerge: Golden Horde, Chagatai, Ilkhanate, Yuan
• Toluid Civil War: 1260-1264
• Ilkhanate empire disintegrates: 1335-1353
• Yuan dynasty falls to Ming dynasty: 1354-1368
• Golden Horde disintegrates: 15th century
• Northern Yuan dynasty falls to Qing dynasty: 1630s
• Chagatai Khanate disintegrates: 17th century

Collection of facts about the Korean War

This post is a collection of facts about the Korean War. There are 8 facts listed below. Source: Wikipedia

• After WWII, Japan loses occupation of Korea
• 38th parallel separates North Korea and South Korea
• North Korea invades South Korea: June 25th, 1950
• UN forces invade North Korea: October 1950
• China enters war against UN: October 1950
• Korean Armistice Agreement ends combat: July 27th, 1953
• No peace treaty ever signed
• Deaths: 2 - 3 million

Collection of facts about the Russian Revolution

This post is a collection of facts about the Russian Revolution (1917-1923). There are 9 facts listed below. Source: Wikipedia

• Lead by Vladimir Lenin and Leon Trotsky
• February Revolution: March 8th - March 16th, 1917
• Dual power: March 16th - November 7th, 1917
• October Revolution: November 7th, 1917
• Russian Civil War: 1917-1922
• Deaths: 7 - 12 million
• Defeat of the White Army: 1923
• End of the Russian Empire
• Establishment of the Russian Soviet Federative Socialist Republic (RSFSR)

List of Napoleonic Wars

This post is a list of the Napoleonic Wars (1803-1815). There are 7 wars listed below chronologically. Source: Wikipedia

• War of the Third Coalition (1805-1806)
• War of the Fourth Coalition (1806-1807)
• Peninsula War (1808-1814)
• War of the Fifth Coalition (1809)
• French invasion of Russia (1812)
• War of the Sixth Coalition (1813-1814)
• War of the Seventh Coalition (1815)

Collection of facts about the Berlin Wall

This post is a collection of facts about the Berlin Wall. There are 8 facts listed below. Source: Wikipedia

• Construction: 1961
• Fall of the Berlin Wall: November 9th, 1989
• German reunification: October 3rd, 1990
• Official demolition: 1990-1994
• Length: 96.3 miles
• Encircled West Berlin, surrounded by Soviet-controlled East Germany
• People attempting escape East Berlin: 100,000+
• Deaths: 136 to 200+

List of U.S. Supreme Court members: 2024

This post is a list of U.S. Supreme Court members as of July 22nd, 2024. There are 9 members listed below alphabetically by last name. Source: supremecourt.gov

• Samuel Alito
• Amy Coney Barrett
• Neil Gorsuch
• Ketanji Brown Jackson
• Elena Kagan
• Brett Kavanaugh
• John Roberts
• Sonia Sotomayor
• Clarence Thomas

Basic timeline of Kamala Harris

This post is a basic timeline of Kamala Harris (1964-) as of July 2024. There are 13 events listed below chronologically. Source: Wikipedia

• 1964: Born in Oakland California
• 1966: Moves to Campaign, Illinois
• 1970: Moves to California
• ~1976: Moves to Montreal, Canada
• 1981-1982: Attends Vanier College in Montreal
• 1986: Graduates from Howard University in Washington D.C.
• 1989: Graduates with Juris Doctor from University of California
• 1990: Deputy district attorney in Alameda County, California
• 1998: Assistant district attorney of San Francisco
• 2004-2011: District Attorney of San Francisco
• 2011-2017: Attorney General of California
• 2017-2021: U.S. Senator for California
• 2021: First female U.S. Vice President

Top 20 most common place names in the United States

This post is a ranking of the top 20 common place names in the United States (including cities, towns, villages, boroughs and census-designated places). Source: Wikipedia

1. Washington: 91
2. Franklin: 45
3. Clinton: 39
4. Arlington: 38
4. Centerville: 38
6. Georgetown: 35
6. Lebanon: 35
6. Springfield: 35
9. Fairview: 33
10. Chester: 32
11. Greenville: 31
12. Madison: 30
13. Bristol: 29
13. Salem: 29
15. Dayton: 28

15. Dover: 28

17. Oakland: 27

17. Winchester: 27

19. Milton: 26

20. Newport: 25

20. Riverside: 25

Collection of facts about the Protestant Reformation

This post is a collection of facts about the Protestant Reformation. There are 7 facts listed below. Source: Wikipedia

• Ninety-five Theses is published: October 31st, 1517
• Reformers argue that salvation is based on faith in Jesus alone
• Martin Luther is excommunicated by Pope Leo X: January 3rd, 1521
• Diet of Worms: May 25, 1521
• French Wars of Religion: 1562-1598
• Eighty Years' War: 1566-1648
• Thirty Years' War: 1618-1648

Collection of facts about the Partition of India

This post is a collection of facts about the Partition of India. There are 6 facts listed below. Source: Wikipedia

• August 14th - 15th, 1947
• Dissolution of British Raj
• Establishment of India and Pakistan borders and independence
• Established two separate regions of Pakistan
• Deaths: 1 million
• Displaced people: 10 - 20 million

Collection of facts about the French Revolution

This post is a collection of facts about the French Revolution. There are 9 facts listed below. Source: Wikipedia

• Estates General: May 1789
• Storming of the Bastille: July 14, 1789
• French Revolutionary Wars begin: April 1792
• Insurrection of 10 August 1792
• French First Republic: September 1792
• Reign of Terror: 1793 - 1794
• Louis XVI executed: 1793
• Reign of Terror deaths: 16,000
• Consulate led by Napoleon Bonaparte seize power: 1799

Collection of facts about D-Day

This post is a collection of facts about D-Day. There are 8 facts listed below. Source: Wikipedia

• June 6th, 1944
• Normandy, France
• Airborne landing troops by Allies: 24,000
• Allied casualties: at least 10,000, confirmed 4,414
• German casualties: 4,000 - 9,000
• Allied troops cross English Channel: 160,000
• Allied landing and assault craft: 5,000
• Allied escort vessels: 289

Collection of facts about the attack on Pearl Harbor

This post is a collection of facts about the attack on Pearl Harbor. There are 11 facts listed below. Source: Wikipedia

• December 7th, 1941, 7:48 am
• Pearl Harbor, Hawaii, United States
• Attack by 353 Japanese aircraft
• American deaths: 2,393
• Americans wounded: 1,178
• American aircraft destroyed: 180
• American battleships damaged: 8
• American battleships sunk: 4
• Japanese deaths: 129
• Japanese aircraft lost: 29
• Japanese submarines lost: 5

Collection of Ty Cobb career statistics

This post is a collection of Ty Cobb career statistics. There are 11 statistics listed below. Source: Baseball-reference.com

• At bats: 11,440
• Batting average: .366
• On-base percentage: .433
• Hits: 4,189
• Walks: 1,249
• Strikeouts: 680
• Homeruns: 117
• Runs: 2,245
• RBIs: 1,944
• Stolen bases: 897
• Slugging percentage: .512

Collection of Ted Williams career statistics

This post is a collection of Ted Williams career statistics. There are 11 statistics listed below. Source: Baseball-reference.com

• At bats: 7,706
• Batting average: .344
• On-base percentage: .482
• Hits: 2,654
• Walks: 2,021
• Strikeouts: 709
• Homeruns: 521
• Runs: 1,798
• RBIs: 1,839
• Stolen bases: 24
• Slugging percentage: .634

Collection of Edgar Martinez career statistics

This post is a collection of Edgar Martinez career statistics. There are 11 statistics listed below. Source: Baseball-reference.com

• At bats: 7,213
• Batting average: .312
• On-base percentage: .418
• Hits: 2,247
• Walks: 1,283
• Strikeouts: 1,202
• Homeruns: 309
• Runs: 1,219
• RBIs: 1,261
• Stolen bases: 29
• Slugging percentage: .515

Collection of Tony Gwynn career statistics

This post is a collection of Tony Gwynn career statistics. There are 11 statistics listed below. Source: Baseball-reference.com

• At bats: 9,288
• Batting average: .338
• On-base percentage: .388
• Hits: 3,141
• Walks: 790
• Strikeouts: 434
• Homeruns: 135
• Runs: 1,383
• RBIs: 1,138
• Stolen bases: 319
• Slugging percentage: .459

Collection of Babe Ruth career statistics

This post is a collection of Babe Ruth career statistics. There are 11 statistics listed below. Source: Baseball-reference.com

• At bats: 8,399
• Batting average: .342
• On-base percentage: .474
• Hits: 2,873
• Walks: 2,062
• Strikeouts: 1,330
• Homeruns: 714
• Runs: 2,174
• RBIs: 2,214
• Stolen bases: 123
• Slugging percentage: .690

Collection of Willie Mays career statistics

This post is a collection of Willie Mays career statistics. There are 11 statistics listed below. Source: Baseball-reference.com

• At bats: 10,924
• Batting average: .301
• On-base percentage: .384
• Hits: 3,283
• Walks: 1,468
• Strikeouts: 1,526
• Homeruns: 660
• Runs: 2,068
• RBIs: 1,909
• Stolen bases: 339
• Slugging percentage: .557

List of home video game console generations

This post is a list of home video game console generations with the primary consoles and release dates. There are 9 generations listed below chronologically. Source: Wikipedia

    First

• Odyssey (1972)
• Atari Pong (1975)
• Coleco Telstar series (1976)

    Second

• Channel F (1976)
• Atari 2600  (1977)
• Odyssey 2 (1978)
• Intellivision (1979)
• Coleco Vision (1982)

    Third

• Nintendo Entertainment System (1983)
• Master System (1985)
• Atari 7800 (1986)

    Fourth

• TurboGrafx-16 (1987)
• Genesis (1988)
• Neo Geo (1990)
• Super Nintendo Entertainment System (1990)

    Fifth

• 3DO (1993)
• Jaguar (1993)
• PlayStation (1994)
• Saturn (1994)
• Nintendo 64 (1996)

    Sixth

• Dreamcast (1998)
• PlayStation 2 (2000)
• GameCube (2001)
• Xbox (2001)

    Seventh

• Xbox 360 (2005)
• PlayStation 3 (2006)
• Wii (2006)

    Eighth

• Wii U (2012)
• PlayStation 4 (2013)
• Xbox One (2013)
• Nintendo Switch (2017)

    Ninth

• Xbox Series X and Series S (2020)
• PlayStation 5 (2020)

List of areas in Metroid Prime 2: Echoes (2004)

This post is a list of areas in Metroid Prime 2: Echoes (2004). There are 10 areas listed below. Source: Metroid.retropixel.net

    Aether

• Temple Grounds
• Great Temple
• Agon Wastes
• Torvus Bog
• Sanctuary Fortress

    Dark Aether

• Sky Temple Grounds
• Sky Temple
• Dark Agon Wastes
• Dark Torvus Bog
• Ing Hive

List of areas in Metroid Prime (2002)

This post is a list of areas in Metroid Prime (2002). There are 7 areas listed below chronologically. Source: Strategywiki.org

1. Frigate Orpheon
2. Tallon Overworld
3. Chozo Ruins
4. Magmoor Caverns
5. Phendrana Drifts
6. Phazon Mines
7. Impact Crater

List of dungeons in Zelda: Minish Cap (2004)

This post is a list of dungeons in Zelda: Minish Cap (2004). There are 6 dungeons listed below chronologically. Source: Fandom.com

1. Deepwood Shrine
2. Cave of Flames
3. Fortress of Winds
4. Temple of Droplets
5. Palace of Winds
6. Dark Hyrule Castle

List of dungeons in Zelda: A Link to the Past (1991)

This post is a list of dungeons in Zelda: A Link to the Past (1991). There are 12 dungeons listed below chronologically. Source: Zeldadungeon.net

1. Hyrule Castle
2. Eastern Palace
3. Desert Palace
4. Tower of Hera
5. Dark Palace
6. Swamp Palace
7. Skull Woods
8. Thieves' Town
9. Ice Palace
10. Misery Mire
11. Turtle Rock
12. Ganon's Tower

List of dungeons in The Legend of Zelda (1986)

This post is a list of dungeons in the first quest of The Legend of Zelda (1986). The second playthrough of the game (second quest) has a similar map with altered dungeons. There are 9 dungeons listed below chronologically. Source: Zeldadungeon.net

1. The Eagle
2. The Moon
3. The Manji
4. The Snake
5. The Lizard
6. The Dragon
7. The Demon
8. The Lion
9. Death Mountain

List of dungeons in Zelda: Skyward Sword (2011)

This post is a list of dungeons in Zelda: Skyward Sword (2011). There are 7 dungeons listed below chronologically. Source: Zeldadungeon.net

1. Skyview Temple
2. Earth Temple
3. Lanayru Mining Facility
4. Ancient Cistern
5. Sandship
6. Fire Sanctuary
7. Sky Keep

Collection of locations in Lego Island (1997)

This post is a collection of locations in Lego Island (1997). There are 15 locations listed below alphabetically. Source: Fandom.com

• Bank
• Beach
• Cave
• Gas Station
• Helicopter Landing Pad
• Hospital
• Information Center
• Jail
• Observation Deck
• Pizzeria
• Police Station
• Post Office
• Racetrack
• Residential Neighborhood
• Store

List of islands in Pilot Wings 64 (1996)

This post is a list of islands in Pilot Wings 64 (1996). There are 4 islands listed below. Source: Gamefaqs.gamespot.com

• Holiday Island
• Ever-Frost Island
• Cresent Island
• Little States

List of worlds in Banjo-Tooie (2000)

This post is a list of worlds in Banjo-Tooie (2000). There are 11 worlds listed below chronologically (including the starter world*,hub world** and final world***). Source: Fandom.com

• Spiral Mountain*
• Isle O'Hags**
• Mayahem Temple
• Glitter Gulch Mine
• Witchyworld
• Jolly Roger's Lagoon
• Terrydactyland
• Gunty Industries
• Hailfire Peaks
• Cloud Cuckooland
• Cauldron Keep***

Collection of Paramanhansa Yogananda quotes

This post is a collection of quotes from Paramahansa Yogananda (1893-1952). There are 7 quotes listed below.

1. "Those who have perceptive eyes enjoy beauty everywhere." (AZQuotes.com)

2. "Through the portals of silence, the healing sun of wisdom and peace will shine upon you." (AZQuotes.com)

3. "When the mind is calm, how quickly, how smoothly, how beautifully you will perceive everything." (AZQuotes.com)

4. "When you learn to get along with yourself, you will know how to get along with everybody." (AZQuotes.com)

5. "Making others happy, through kindness of speech and sincerity of right advice is a sign of true greatness." (AZQuotes.com)

6. "Have only love in your heart for others. The more you see the good in them, the more you will establish good in yourself." (AZQuotes.com)

7. "Think of divine abundance as a mighty, refreshing rain. Whatever receptacle you have at hand will receive it." (AZQuotes.com)

Top 10 largest maria on the Moon

This post is a list of the largest maria on the Moon by diameter. Wikipedia says, "The lunar maria are large, dark, basaltic plains on Earth's Moon, formed by lava flowing into ancient impact basics. They were dubbed maria (Latin for 'seas')..." (Wikipedia: Lunar mare, 6.5.24 UTC 12:26)

1. Oceanus Procellarum: 2,568 km
2. Mare Frigoris: 1,596 km
3. Mare Imbrium: 1,123 km
4. Mare Fecunditatis: 909 km
5. Mare Tranquillitatis: 873 km
6. Mare Nubium: 715km
7. Mare Serenitatis: 707 km
8. Mare Australe: 603 km
9. Mare Insularum: 513 km
10. Mare Marginis: 420 km

Sources

Wikipedia: List of maria on the Moon

Photo: Wikimedia Commons, What The Puck, CC BY-SA 4.0

Collection of quotes about EDSAC

This post is a collection of quotes about EDSAC (initially released in 1949). There are 6 quotes listed below. License: CC BY-SA 4.0

1. "The EDSAC's main memory consisted of 1,024 locations, though only 512 locations were initially installed. Each contained 18 bits... An instruction consisted of a 5-bit instruction code, 1 spare bit, a 10-bit operand (usually a memory address), and 1 length bit to control whether the instruction used a 17-bit or a 35-bit operand..." (Wikipedia: EDSAC, 5.22.24 UTC 06:29)

2. "Users prepared their programs by punching them (in assembler) onto a paper tape... When a program was ready, it was hung on a length of line strung up near the paper-tape reader. The machine operators, who were present during the day, selected the next tape from the line and loaded it into EDSAC." (Wikipedia: EDSAC, 5.22.24 UTC 06:29)

3. "The instructions available were: add, subtract, multiply-and-add, AND-and add, shift left, arithmetic shirt right, load multiple register, store (and optionally clear) accumulator, conditional goto, read input tape, print character, round accelerator, no-op, stop." (Wikipedia: EDSAC, 5.22.24 UTC 06:29)

4. "Users wrote programs that called a routine by jumping to the start of the subroutine with the return address (i.e. the location plus-one of the jump itself) in the accumulator (a Wheeler Jump). By convention the subroutine expected this, and the first thing it did was to modify its concluding jump instruction to that return address." (Wikipedia: EDSAC, 5.22.24 UTC 06:29)

5. "By 1951, 87 subroutines in the following categories were available for general use: floating-point arithmetic, arithmetic operations on complex numbers, checking, division, exponentiation, routines relating to functions, differential equations, special functions, power series, logarithms, miscellaneous, print and layout, quadrature, read (input), nth root, trigonometric functions, counting operations (simulating repeat until loops, while loops and for loops), vectors, and matrices." (Wikipedia: EDSAC, 5.22.24 UTC 06:29)

6. "The first assembly language appeared for the EDSAC, and inspired several other assembly languages: Regional Assembly Language, Whirlwind assembler, Rochester assembler." (Wikipedia: EDSAC, 5.22.24 UTC 06:29)

Basic timeline of Alaska

This post is a basic timeline of Alaska. There are 18 events listed below chronologically.

• Humans arrive in Alaska (40,000 - 15,000 years ago)
• Aleut, Athabaskan, Eskimo, Haida, Inupiat, Tlingit, Tsimshian, Yup'ik cultures (Pre-European arrival)
• Vitus Bering and Russia arrive (1741)
• Bruno de Hezeta expedition (1775)
• James Cook expedition (1778)
• Grigory Shelekhov establishes settlement at Three Saints Bay (1784)
• Nootka Crisis (1789)
• Battle of Sitka (1804)
• United States acquires Alaska from Russia (1867)
• Gold discovered in the Yukon Territory (1896)
• Boundary dispute resolved with Canada (1903)
• Territory of Alaska is established (1912)
• Japan occupies two Aleutian Islands (1942 - 1943)
• Alaska becomes 49th state of the United States (1959)
• Great Alaskan earthquake (1964)
• Oil discovered at Prudhoe Bay (1968)
• Alaskan National Claims Settlement Act (1971)
• Trans-Alaska Pipeline completed (1977)

Sources

Wikipedia: History of Alaska, Prehistory of Alaska, Russian colonization of North America

Collection of Evelyn De Morgan paintings

This post is a collection of paintings by Evelyn De Morgan (1855-1919). There are 4 paintings listed below chronologically.

Night and Sleep (1878)

Earthbound (1897)

The Storm Sprits (c. 1900)

The Gilded Cage (1919)

Basic timeline of Texas

This post is a basic timeline of Texas. There are 29 events listed below chronologically.

• Paleo-Indians (9200 - 6000 BC)
• Tchefuncte culture (500 - 100 BC)
• Atakapa, Caddoan Mississippian, Mogollon, Hasinai, Kadohadocho, Karankawa, Natchitoches, Pueblo and Wichita cultures (Pre-European arrival)
• Alonso Álvarez de Pineda and Spain arrive (1520)
• Hernando de Soto expedition (1543)
• La Salle claims Mississippi River Valley for France (1682)
• Alonso De León and Spain establish mission in East Texas (1690)
• Comanche Wars (1706 - 1875)
• Spain constructs fort at Los Adaes as the first capital of Texas (1721)
• France cedes west of Mississippi River to Spain (1762)
• Spain cedes Louisiana to France (1799)
• United States acquires Louisiana territory from France (1803)
• United States cedes Texas to Spain (1819)
• Mexico gains independence from Spain (1821)
• Battle of Nacogdoches (1832)
• Texas Revolution (1835 - 1836)
• Battle of the Alamo (1836)
• Texas Declaration of Independence and Texas Republic established (1836)
• Battle of Salado Creek (1842)
• Texas becomes 28th state of the United States (1845)
• Mexican-American War (1846 - 1848)
• American Civil War (1861 - 1865)
• Emancipation Proclamation (1865)
• Jaybird-Woodpecker War (1888 - 1889)
• Spindletop oil well discovered (1901)
• East Texas Oil Field discovered (1930)
• Dust Bowl (1930's)
• Texas drought (1950's)
• John F. Kennedy is assassinated in Dallas, Texas (1963)

Sources

Wikipedia: History of Texas, Battle of Nacogdoches, Caddoan Mississippian culture, Comanche Wars, Hasinai, Los Adaes, Karankawa people, Mexican-American War, Mogollon culture, Texas Revolution

List of practices in the Noble Eightfold Path in Buddhism

This post is a list of practices in the Noble Eightfold Path in Buddhism. Source: Wikipedia

1. Right View
2. Right Resolve or Intention
3. Right Speech
4. Right Conduct or Action
5. Right Livelihood
6. Right Effort
7. Right Mindfulness
8. Right Concentration

List of I Ching trigrams

This post is a list of the I Ching trigrams. There are 8 trigrams listed below. Source: iching-online.com

1. Heaven
2. Lake
3. Fire
4. Thunder
5. Wind
6. Water
7. Mountain
8. Earth

Basic timeline of California

This post is a basic timeline of California. There are 22 events listed below chronologically.

• La Jolla and Pauma cultures (6050 - 1000 BC)
• 500 Indian tribes (Pre-European arrival)
• Juan Rodírguez Cabrillo and Spain arrive at California coast (1542)
• Francis Drake and England claim portion of California coast (1579)
• Portolá expedition (1602)
• Pueblo Revolt (1680)
• Pima Revolt (1751)
• José de Gálvez expedition (1769)
• Juan Bautista de Anza expeditions (1774 - 1776)
• Domínguez-Escalante expedition (1776 - 1777)
• Spain divides California into Alta California and Baja California (1804)
• Mexico gains independence (1821)
• Mexican secularization act of 1833
• Oregon boundary dispute (1846)
• Mexican-American War (1846 - 1848)
• California genocide (1846 - 1873)
• Treaty of Guadalupe Hidalgo (1848)
• California Gold Rush (1848 - 1855)
• California becomes the 31st state in the United States (1850)
• First transcontinental Railroad from California to Nebraska completed (1869)
• San Francisco earthquake (1906)
• Shasta Dam completed (1945)

Sources

Wikipedia: History of California, History of California (1900-present), California genocide, Domínguez-Escalante expedition, Indigenous peoples of California, Mexican-American War, Mexican secularization act of 1833, Pueblo Revolt, Pima Revolt

Basic timeline of Ohio

This post is a basic timeline of Ohio. There are 23 events listed below chronologically.

• Adena culture (800 BC)
• Hopewell culture (100 - 400 AD)
• Fort Ancient culture (1000 - 1750)
• Iroquoians, Algonquian and Siouan tribes (c. 1600)
• French explorers reach Ohio (17th century)
• Beaver Wars (1609 - 1701)
• Ohio Country becomes part of New France (1663)
• George Washington loses the Battle of Fort Necessity (1754)
• France cedes Ohio to Great Britain (1763)
• Pontiac's Rebellion (1763)
• Lord Dunmore's War (1774)
• American Revolution (1775 - 1783)
• Becomes part of Illinois Country, Virginia (1778 - 1782)
• Virginia, Massachusetts and Connecticut cede land claims to Ohio (1784 - 1789)
• Northwest Indian War (1786 - 1795)
• Northwest Territory established (1787)
• Battle of Fallen Timbers (1794)
• Ohio becomes the 17th state in the United States (1803)
• War of 1812
• Battle of Lake Erie (1813)
• Indian Removal Act (1830)
• Toledo War (1835 - 1836)
• American Civil War (1861 - 1865)

Sources

Wikipedia: History of Ohio, Beaver Wars, Fort Ancient, Lord Dunmore's War, Northwest Indian War, Toledo War

Basic timeline of Washington state

This post is a basic timeline of Washington state. There are 30 events listed below chronologically.

• First humans (13,000 years ago)
• 125 Northwest Indian tribes (Pre-European arrival)
• Juan Pérez and Europeans arrive on West coast (1774)
• Charles William Barkley discovers the Strait of Juan de Fuca (1778)
• Robert Gay discovers the Columbia River (1792)
• Oregon County established, joint control by United States and Britain (1818)
• Spain cedes north of 42nd Parallel to the United States (1819)
• Britain cedes south of 49th Parallel to the United States (1846)
• Whitman massacre (1847)
• Cayuse War (1847-1855)
• Oregon Territory established (1848)
• Seattle founded (1851)
• Washington Territory established (1853)
• Puget Sound War (1855-1856)
• Yakima War (1855-1858)
• Battle of Seattle (1856)
• Fraser Canyon Gold Rush in British Columbia begins (1858)
• Spokane War (1858)
• Oregon becomes 33rd state in the United States (1859)
• Pig War (1859)
• Idaho Territory established east of Snake River and 117th meridian west (1863)
• U.S - Canada border established (1872)
• Tacoma riot of 1885
• Washington becomes 42nd state in the United States (1889)
• Grand Coulee Dam is completed (1941)
• Hanford nuclear plant is opened (1943)
• Fish Wars (1960s - 1970s)
• Boldt Decision reaffirms Native's rights to fish (1974)
• Mount St. Helens eruption (1980)
• WTO protest (1999)

Sources

Wikipedia: History of Washington (state), Battle of Seattle, Cayuse War, Fish Wars, Fraser Canyon Gold Rush

List of belief analysis examples

This post is a list of belief analysis examples for this blog. There are 4 posts listed below chronologically.

1. Are humans contributing to global warming?
2. Should gun rights be restricted in the United States?
3. Should abortions be allowed?
4. Can belief analysis be useful for helping opposing sides in an argument understand each other more clearly?

Arthur C. Clarke and future technology

Arthur C. Clarke (1917-2008) was a British writer best known his contributions to science fiction. The rest of this post is 3 quotes from Clarke.

1. "If we have learned one thing from the history of invention and discovery, it is that, in the long run - and often in the short one - the most daring prophecies seem laughably conservative." (The Exploration of Space, 1951)

2. "When a distinguished but elderly scientist states that something is possible, he is almost certainly right. When he states something is impossible, he is very probably wrong." (Hazards of Prophecy: The Failure of Imagination, 1962)

3. "In my time I've been very fortunate to see many of my dreams come true! Growing up in the 1920s and 1930s, I never expected to see so much happen in the span of a few decades." (90th Birthday Reflections, 2007)

Daniel Schmachtenberger and global coordination

This post is a collection of quotes from Daniel Schmachtenberger on an episode of the Your Undivided Attention podcast (hosted by the Center for Humane Technology) in 2024 titled A Problem Well-Stated is Half-Solved with Daniel Schmachtenberger. The episode can be found at this link. There are 2 quotes listed below chronologically.

1. "When we talk about what the catastrophic risk landscape is, that's the landscape. The metacrisis is how do we solve all of that and recognizing that our problem solving mechanisms haven't even been able to solve the problems we've had for the last many years let alone prevent these things. And so the central orienting question, its like the U.N. has 17 sustainable development goals, there's really one that must supersede them all which is develop the capacity for global coordination that can solve global problems. If you get that one, you get all of the other ones. If you don't get that one, you don't get any of the other ones." (28:45)

2. "What is a post-internet, post-social media, post-info singularity fourth estate that creates an adequately educated citizenry? That's thinking about the way that our social technologies, our social systems have to upgrade themselves in the presence of the tech that obsoleted the way they did work. But we can also see, and we can give examples of this, how the new tech also makes possible new things that weren't possible before." (45:34)

George Orwell and free speech

This post is a collection of quotes from George Orwell (1903-1950) about free speech. There are 7 quotes listed below chronologically.

1. "And so the game continues. The logical end is a régime in which every opposition party and newspaper is suppressed and every dissentient of any importance is in jail. Of course, such a régime will be fascism." (Spilling the Spanish Beans, New English Weekly, 1937)

2. "It is almost impossible to think without talking... Take away freedom of speech and the creative faculties dry up." (As I Please, 1944)

3. "Anyone who challenges the prevailing orthodoxy finds himself silenced with surprising effectiveness. A genuinely unfashionable opinion is almost never given a fair hearing, either in the popular press or in the highbrow periodicals." (Freedom of the Press, 1945)

4. "To exchange one orthodoxy for another is not necessarily an advance. The enemy is the gramophone mind, whether or not one agrees with the record that is being played at the moment." (Animal Farm, 1945)

5. "The enemies of intellectual liberty always try to present their case as a plea of discipline versus individualism. The issue of truth-versus-untruth is as far as possible kept in the background." (The Prevention of Literature, 1946)

6. "Every citizen, or at least every citizen important enough to be worth watching, could be kept for 24 hours a day under the eyes of the police in the sound of official propaganda, with all other channels of communication closed." (Nineteen Eighty-Four, 1949)

7. "If liberty means anything at all, it means the right to tell people what they do not want to hear." (Original preface to Animal Farm, George Orwell: Some Materials for a Bibliography, 1953 posthumous)

Allan Bloom and reason

This post is a collection of quotes from philosopher Allan Bloom (1930-1992) about reason. There are 3 quotes listed below.

1. "Only the search back to the origins of one's ideas in order to see the real arguments for them, before people became so certain of them that they ceased thinking about them all, can liberate us." (Giants and Dwarfs, 1990)

2. "There are two threats to reason, the opinion that one knows the truth about the most important things and the opinion that there is not truth about them." (Giants and Dwarfs, 1990)

3. "The liberally educated person is one who is able to resist the easy and preferred answers, not because he is obstinate but because he knows others of consideration." (Closing of the American Mind, 1987)

Umberto Eco and information

This post is a collection of quotes from writer Umberto Eco (1932-2016) about information. There are 4 quotes listed below.

1. "After all, the cultivated person's first duty is to be always prepared to rewrite the encyclopaedia." (Language and Lunacy, 1998)

2. "We live for books. A sweet mission in this world dominated by disorder and decay." (The Name of the Rose, 1980)

3. "The problem with the internet is that it gives you everything - reliable material and crazy material. So the problem becomes, how do you discriminate." (AZQuotes.com)

4."Not long ago, if you wanted to seize political power in a country you had merely to control the army and the police. Today it is only in the most backward countries that fascist generals in carrying out a coup d'état, still use tanks... Today a country belongs to the person who controls communications." (Travels in Hyperreality, 1986)

Collection of Madonna songs

This post is a collection of Madonna songs. There are 4 songs listed below alphabetically.

• Express Yourself
• Hung Up
• Ray of Light
• Vogue

Collection of White Stripes songs

This post is a collection of White Stripes songs. There are 4 songs listed below alphabetically.

• Blue Orchid
• Fell in Love With a Girl
• Hardest Button to Button
• Seven Nation Army

Collection of quotes about museums

This post is a collection of quotes about museums. There are 3 quotes listed below.

1. "The purpose of modern museums is to collect, preserve, interpret, and display objects of artistic, cultural, or scientific significance for the study and education of the public." (Wikipedia: Museum, 3.30.24 UTC 09:15)

2. "[The word 'museum'] is originally from the Ancient Greek Moυσεῖov... which denotes a place or temple dedicated to the muses (the patron divinities in Greek mythology of the arts), and hence was a building set apart for study and the arts." (Wikipedia: Museum, 3.30.24 UTC 09:15)

3. "Ancient Greeks and Romans collected and displayed art and objects but perceived museums differently from modern day views. In the classical period the museums were the temples and their precincts which houses collections of votive offerings." (Wikipedia: Museum, 3.30.24 UTC 09:15)

List of Boards of Canada albums and EPs

This post is a list of Boards of Canada albums and EPs as of April 2nd, 2024. There are 4 albums (bold) and 5 EPs listed below chronologically. Source: Wikipedia

• Twoism (1995)
• Hi Scores (1996)
• Aquarius (1998)
• Music Has the Right to Children (1998)
• In a Beautiful Place Out in the Country (2000)
• Geogaddi (2002)
• The Campfire Headphase (2005)
• Trans Canada Highway (2006)
• Tomorrow's Harvest (2013)

Collection of notes about information: 3.26.24 - 3.30.24

This post is a collection of notes I wrote between 3.26.24 and 3.30.24. Many quotes are slightly revised from the original version for grammar and suitability. There are 21 quotes listed below chronologically. Relevant links: Information blogging guidelines (IBG), Belief analysis, Information as an optimization problem (IAAOP)

1. "I see IBG as a network of directories to organize the world's information." (3.26.24)

2. "The advantage of communicating in IBG is that it's adding to an organized, stable, lasting structure whereas other media is ever-changing and replaced by new material at the top (news feeds, TV channels, phones, social media). This is the type of media we need for the future: organized, clear, run by individuals and gets away from 'likes', algorithms and popularity... It doesn't need RSS or any technology other than links and HTML. It's super simple: build a directory network of IBG pages." (3.26.27)

3. "I am a collector at heart and collecting is the key to our problems of communication and information. Organizing is necessary for any advanced collector." (3.27.24)

4. "This is also related to the metacrisis. All problems are wrapped up into one. It's all a big miscommunication. It's all a big trust problem." (3.27.24)

5. "What does the IBG network look like? Who uses it? Who makes it? Is it effective towards addressing misinformation or making things worse? Is it good for communication compared to Twitter, Facebook, RSS and Nostr?" (3.27.24)

6. "Directories and lists are arguably better for discovery than a search engine. Discovery is one of the benefits of organizing." (3.28.24)

7. "Normal literature, writing and books are not the answer. Not podcasts or the news or a social media website. We need a new way of writing and displaying information." (3.28.24)

8. "I'm imagining my idealized IBG website. It would be 100% the best IAAOP pages for every chunk. All the chunks organized the optimal way." (3.28.24)

9. "It's all about organizing the world's information, communication and beliefs. It all overlaps and is not separate." (3.28.24)

10. "We really gotta work towards getting humanity's communication away from social media. People should log their information, beliefs and opinions in an organized network and leave it at that. A feed is too crazy and makes everything so much more temporary. It's like waves crashing down on a sandcastle. The future of communication should be like a static directory. We also need to get away from the popularity contest, likes, shares and subscribers." (3.28.24)

11. "Imagine everyone producing information and analyzing information is using IBG and there's a huge network. Academics, governments, organizations, experts, think tanks, activists, they're all adding to the IBG network. And they're curating lists but there's also people who specialize in curation. It appears as a mess, but then a curator will try to clean it up for a specific topic." (3.28.24)

12. "The question is would this be useful for addressing misinformation? On the face of it, it looks like no. A mess would be the opposite of organized. I think belief analysis has to play a role. Belief analysis is a form of IBG. The curators would be the key. And using belief analysis has to be applied to all misinformation. I just think that standardizing information to be clear is good, not bad." (3.28.24)

13. "The IBG network would be a mixture of clarity and chaos alternating." (3.28.24)

14. "I just see IBG as a way to organize the world's information and beliefs. Misinformation could spread, but I'm not sure. I mean, would it be better than what we have now? The point is being clear and organized." (3.28.24)

15. "It's easier to see IBG as a single directory made by one person... The network of IBG lovers is too unclear. How would a person use it? To discover and explore the organized world of information? I think most IBG websites would be standalone, not too linked to the IBG network." (3.28.24)

16. "Maybe I should be thinking more in terms of what science has become. It's not an organized network and IBG probably won't achieve an organized network either, although it's designed in a way that could via directories and lists. It's a style, a method of clearness." (3.29.24)

17. "IBG is a new medium. Collecting and organizing is key to humanity's communication problems. The curators play a central role in IBG's success toward organizing the world's knowledge, information and beliefs." (3.29.24)

18. "IBG is like the 'academic standard' for the future but for clarity, not academic / scientific rigor. It's a communication standard. It's an art movement. It's a political movement. The goal is to advance the human intellectual project and a large part of it is making the world more transparent and clear. IBG is a catalyst for this, along with belief analysis." (3.29.24)

19. "Clarity is the selling point of IBG. To make a world where all knowledge is transparent. This is how we address misinformation also. Standards for clarity is what's missing in the world, allowing misinformation to grow and deceive people. Misinformation thrives in a world where excessive and unclear mediums dominate, where commentary dominates over information." (3.29.24)

20. "The question is how can we promote a style of clarity? We need a standard or a role model for clarity." (3.29.24)

21. "My focus now is on why IBG is good. And belief analysis. And what role they could play in the future of humanity. IBG won't be a centralized thing, but more like a method like the scientific method. Importantly, it's a mechanism to promote clarity, or a role model. We're tired of information hidden in paragraphs and long essays. We want clear information and transparency. The next frontier is making the obscure and difficult knowledge transparent and clear. Contests of IAAOP. IBG directories and networks curated by individuals. Organized knowledge. Belief analysis for improving communication of opinions." (3.30.24)

License: CC BY-SA 4.0