Collection of quotes about EDSAC

This post is a collection of quotes about EDSAC (initially released in 1949). There are 6 quotes listed below. License: CC BY-SA 4.0

1. "The EDSAC's main memory consisted of 1,024 locations, though only 512 locations were initially installed. Each contained 18 bits... An instruction consisted of a 5-bit instruction code, 1 spare bit, a 10-bit operand (usually a memory address), and 1 length bit to control whether the instruction used a 17-bit or a 35-bit operand..." (Wikipedia: EDSAC, 5.22.24 UTC 06:29)

2. "Users prepared their programs by punching them (in assembler) onto a paper tape... When a program was ready, it was hung on a length of line strung up near the paper-tape reader. The machine operators, who were present during the day, selected the next tape from the line and loaded it into EDSAC." (Wikipedia: EDSAC, 5.22.24 UTC 06:29)

3. "The instructions available were: add, subtract, multiply-and-add, AND-and add, shift left, arithmetic shirt right, load multiple register, store (and optionally clear) accumulator, conditional goto, read input tape, print character, round accelerator, no-op, stop." (Wikipedia: EDSAC, 5.22.24 UTC 06:29)

4. "Users wrote programs that called a routine by jumping to the start of the subroutine with the return address (i.e. the location plus-one of the jump itself) in the accumulator (a Wheeler Jump). By convention the subroutine expected this, and the first thing it did was to modify its concluding jump instruction to that return address." (Wikipedia: EDSAC, 5.22.24 UTC 06:29)

5. "By 1951, 87 subroutines in the following categories were available for general use: floating-point arithmetic, arithmetic operations on complex numbers, checking, division, exponentiation, routines relating to functions, differential equations, special functions, power series, logarithms, miscellaneous, print and layout, quadrature, read (input), nth root, trigonometric functions, counting operations (simulating repeat until loops, while loops and for loops), vectors, and matrices." (Wikipedia: EDSAC, 5.22.24 UTC 06:29)

6. "The first assembly language appeared for the EDSAC, and inspired several other assembly languages: Regional Assembly Language, Whirlwind assembler, Rochester assembler." (Wikipedia: EDSAC, 5.22.24 UTC 06:29)

Basic timeline of Alaska

This post is a basic timeline of Alaska. There are 18 events listed below chronologically.

• Humans arrive in Alaska (40,000 - 15,000 years ago)
• Aleut, Athabaskan, Eskimo, Haida, Inupiat, Tlingit, Tsimshian, Yup'ik cultures (Pre-European arrival)
• Vitus Bering and Russia arrive (1741)
• Bruno de Hezeta expedition (1775)
• James Cook expedition (1778)
• Grigory Shelekhov establishes settlement at Three Saints Bay (1784)
• Nootka Crisis (1789)
• Battle of Sitka (1804)
• United States acquires Alaska from Russia (1867)
• Gold discovered in the Yukon Territory (1896)
• Boundary dispute resolved with Canada (1903)
• Territory of Alaska is established (1912)
• Japan occupies two Aleutian Islands (1942 - 1943)
• Alaska becomes 49th state of the United States (1959)
• Great Alaskan earthquake (1964)
• Oil discovered at Prudhoe Bay (1968)
• Alaskan National Claims Settlement Act (1971)
• Trans-Alaska Pipeline completed (1977)

Sources

Wikipedia: History of Alaska, Prehistory of Alaska, Russian colonization of North America

Collection of Evelyn De Morgan paintings

This post is a collection of paintings by Evelyn De Morgan (1855-1919). There are 4 paintings listed below chronologically.

Night and Sleep (1878)

Earthbound (1897)

The Storm Sprits (c. 1900)

The Gilded Cage (1919)

Basic timeline of Texas

This post is a basic timeline of Texas. There are 29 events listed below chronologically.

• Paleo-Indians (9200 - 6000 BC)
• Tchefuncte culture (500 - 100 BC)
• Atakapa, Caddoan Mississippian, Mogollon, Hasinai, Kadohadocho, Karankawa, Natchitoches, Pueblo and Wichita cultures (Pre-European arrival)
• Alonso Álvarez de Pineda and Spain arrive (1520)
• Hernando de Soto expedition (1543)
• La Salle claims Mississippi River Valley for France (1682)
• Alonso De León and Spain establish mission in East Texas (1690)
• Comanche Wars (1706 - 1875)
• Spain constructs fort at Los Adaes as the first capital of Texas (1721)
• France cedes west of Mississippi River to Spain (1762)
• Spain cedes Louisiana to France (1799)
• United States acquires Louisiana territory from France (1803)
• United States cedes Texas to Spain (1819)
• Mexico gains independence from Spain (1821)
• Battle of Nacogdoches (1832)
• Texas Revolution (1835 - 1836)
• Battle of the Alamo (1836)
• Texas Declaration of Independence and Texas Republic established (1836)
• Battle of Salado Creek (1842)
• Texas becomes 28th state of the United States (1845)
• Mexican-American War (1846 - 1848)
• American Civil War (1861 - 1865)
• Emancipation Proclamation (1865)
• Jaybird-Woodpecker War (1888 - 1889)
• Spindletop oil well discovered (1901)
• East Texas Oil Field discovered (1930)
• Dust Bowl (1930's)
• Texas drought (1950's)
• John F. Kennedy is assassinated in Dallas, Texas (1963)

Sources

Wikipedia: History of Texas, Battle of Nacogdoches, Caddoan Mississippian culture, Comanche Wars, Hasinai, Los Adaes, Karankawa people, Mexican-American War, Mogollon culture, Texas Revolution

List of practices in the Noble Eightfold Path in Buddhism

This post is a list of practices in the Noble Eightfold Path in Buddhism. Source: Wikipedia

1. Right View
2. Right Resolve or Intention
3. Right Speech
4. Right Conduct or Action
5. Right Livelihood
6. Right Effort
7. Right Mindfulness
8. Right Concentration

List of I Ching trigrams

This post is a list of the I Ching trigrams. There are 8 trigrams listed below. Source: iching-online.com

1. Heaven
2. Lake
3. Fire
4. Thunder
5. Wind
6. Water
7. Mountain
8. Earth

Basic timeline of California

This post is a basic timeline of California. There are 22 events listed below chronologically.

• La Jolla and Pauma cultures (6050 - 1000 BC)
• 500 Indian tribes (Pre-European arrival)
• Juan Rodírguez Cabrillo and Spain arrive at California coast (1542)
• Francis Drake and England claim portion of California coast (1579)
• Portolá expedition (1602)
• Pueblo Revolt (1680)
• Pima Revolt (1751)
• José de Gálvez expedition (1769)
• Juan Bautista de Anza expeditions (1774 - 1776)
• Domínguez-Escalante expedition (1776 - 1777)
• Spain divides California into Alta California and Baja California (1804)
• Mexico gains independence (1821)
• Mexican secularization act of 1833
• Oregon boundary dispute (1846)
• Mexican-American War (1846 - 1848)
• California genocide (1846 - 1873)
• Treaty of Guadalupe Hidalgo (1848)
• California Gold Rush (1848 - 1855)
• California becomes the 31st state in the United States (1850)
• First transcontinental Railroad from California to Nebraska completed (1869)
• San Francisco earthquake (1906)
• Shasta Dam completed (1945)

Sources

Wikipedia: History of California, History of California (1900-present), California genocide, Domínguez-Escalante expedition, Indigenous peoples of California, Mexican-American War, Mexican secularization act of 1833, Pueblo Revolt, Pima Revolt

Basic timeline of Ohio

This post is a basic timeline of Ohio. There are 23 events listed below chronologically.

• Adena culture (800 BC)
• Hopewell culture (100 - 400 AD)
• Fort Ancient culture (1000 - 1750)
• Iroquoians, Algonquian and Siouan tribes (c. 1600)
• French explorers reach Ohio (17th century)
• Beaver Wars (1609 - 1701)
• Ohio Country becomes part of New France (1663)
• George Washington loses the Battle of Fort Necessity (1754)
• France cedes Ohio to Great Britain (1763)
• Pontiac's Rebellion (1763)
• Lord Dunmore's War (1774)
• American Revolution (1775 - 1783)
• Becomes part of Illinois Country, Virginia (1778 - 1782)
• Virginia, Massachusetts and Connecticut cede land claims to Ohio (1784 - 1789)
• Northwest Indian War (1786 - 1795)
• Northwest Territory established (1787)
• Battle of Fallen Timbers (1794)
• Ohio becomes the 17th state in the United States (1803)
• War of 1812
• Battle of Lake Erie (1813)
• Indian Removal Act (1830)
• Toledo War (1835 - 1836)
• American Civil War (1861 - 1865)

Sources

Wikipedia: History of Ohio, Beaver Wars, Fort Ancient, Lord Dunmore's War, Northwest Indian War, Toledo War

Basic timeline of Washington state

This post is a basic timeline of Washington state. There are 30 events listed below chronologically.

• First humans (13,000 years ago)
• 125 Northwest Indian tribes (Pre-European arrival)
• Juan Pérez and Europeans arrive on West coast (1774)
• Charles William Barkley discovers the Strait of Juan de Fuca (1778)
• Robert Gay discovers the Columbia River (1792)
• Oregon County established, joint control by United States and Britain (1818)
• Spain cedes north of 42nd Parallel to the United States (1819)
• Britain cedes south of 49th Parallel to the United States (1846)
• Whitman massacre (1847)
• Cayuse War (1847-1855)
• Oregon Territory established (1848)
• Seattle founded (1851)
• Washington Territory established (1853)
• Puget Sound War (1855-1856)
• Yakima War (1855-1858)
• Battle of Seattle (1856)
• Fraser Canyon Gold Rush in British Columbia begins (1858)
• Spokane War (1858)
• Oregon becomes 33rd state in the United States (1859)
• Pig War (1859)
• Idaho Territory established east of Snake River and 117th meridian west (1863)
• U.S - Canada border established (1872)
• Tacoma riot of 1885
• Washington becomes 42nd state in the United States (1889)
• Grand Coulee Dam is completed (1941)
• Hanford nuclear plant is opened (1943)
• Fish Wars (1960s - 1970s)
• Boldt Decision reaffirms Native's rights to fish (1974)
• Mount St. Helens eruption (1980)
• WTO protest (1999)

Sources

Wikipedia: History of Washington (state), Battle of Seattle, Cayuse War, Fish Wars, Fraser Canyon Gold Rush

List of belief analysis examples

This post is a list of belief analysis examples for this blog. There are 4 posts listed below chronologically.

1. Are humans contributing to global warming?
2. Should gun rights be restricted in the United States?
3. Should abortions be allowed?
4. Can belief analysis be useful for helping opposing sides in an argument understand each other more clearly?

Arthur C. Clarke and future technology

Arthur C. Clarke (1917-2008) was a British writer best known his contributions to science fiction. The rest of this post is 3 quotes from Clarke.

1. "If we have learned one thing from the history of invention and discovery, it is that, in the long run - and often in the short one - the most daring prophecies seem laughably conservative." (The Exploration of Space, 1951)

2. "When a distinguished but elderly scientist states that something is possible, he is almost certainly right. When he states something is impossible, he is very probably wrong." (Hazards of Prophecy: The Failure of Imagination, 1962)

3. "In my time I've been very fortunate to see many of my dreams come true! Growing up in the 1920s and 1930s, I never expected to see so much happen in the span of a few decades." (90th Birthday Reflections, 2007)